Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Normal values for humans are in the range 35–45 mmHg. Values less than this may indicate hyperventilation and (if blood pH is greater than 7.45) respiratory alkalosis. Values greater than 45 mmHg may indicate hypoventilation, and (if blood pH is less than 7.35) respiratory acidosis. [2] [3]
The alveolar oxygen partial pressure is lower than the atmospheric O 2 partial pressure for two reasons.. Firstly, as the air enters the lungs, it is humidified by the upper airway and thus the partial pressure of water vapour (47 mmHg) reduces the oxygen partial pressure to about 150 mmHg.
Arterial blood oxygen tension (normal) P a O 2 – Partial pressure of oxygen at sea level (160 mmHg (21.3 kPa) in the atmosphere, 21% of the standard atmospheric pressure of 760 mmHg (101 kPa)) in arterial blood is between 75 and 100 mmHg (10.0 and 13.3 kPa).
The values of pH and HCO3 of venous blood are close enough to arterial blood for direct comparison. The pCO2 of venous blood is less reliably compared to arterial blood but may be used in some cases. The PO2 level of venous blood is always significantly lower that arterial and should be reported, labeled and interpreted as venous PO2. [21]
Diagnoses can be done by doing an ABG (Arterial Blood Gas) laboratory study, with a pH <7.35 and a PaCO2 >45 mmHg in an acute setting. Patients with COPD and other Chronic respiratory diseases will sometimes display higher level of PaCO2 with HCO3- >30 and normal pH. [citation needed] [2]
Hypercapnia (from the Greek hyper, "above" or "too much" and kapnos, "smoke"), also known as hypercarbia and CO 2 retention, is a condition of abnormally elevated carbon dioxide (CO 2) levels in the blood. Carbon dioxide is a gaseous product of the body's metabolism and is normally expelled through the lungs.
What we want is a cholesterol level that is normal for the human species, which is considered to be around 30 to 70 mg/dL (or 0.8 to 1.8 millimoles per liter).
Excretion of carbon dioxide is also impaired, but a rise in the arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO 2) is very uncommon because this leads to respiratory stimulation and the resultant increase in alveolar ventilation returns paCO 2 to within the normal range.