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  2. Marcus' method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcus'_method

    The method was developed by Henri Marcus and described in 1938 in Die Theorie elastischer Gewebe und ihre Anwendung auf die Berechnung biegsamer Platten. [1] The method adapts the strip method and is based on an elastic analysis of torsionally restrained two-way rectangular slabs with a uniformly distributed load.

  3. Abrams' law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abrams'_law

    Abrams' law (also called Abrams' water-cement ratio law) [1] is a concept in civil engineering. The law states the strength of a concrete mix is inversely related to the mass ratio of water to cement. [1] [2] As the water content increases, the strength of concrete decreases. Abrams’ law is a special case of a general rule formulated ...

  4. Flow table test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flow_table_test

    The flow table test or slump-flow test is a method to determine consistency of fresh concrete. Flow table test is also used to identify transportable moisture limit of solid bulk cargoes. [ 1 ] It is used primarily for assessing concrete that is too fluid (workable) to be measured using the slump test , because the concrete will not retain its ...

  5. Deflection (engineering) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deflection_(engineering)

    Deflection (f) in engineering. In structural engineering, deflection is the degree to which a part of a long structural element (such as beam) is deformed laterally (in the direction transverse to its longitudinal axis) under a load.

  6. Properties of concrete - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Properties_of_concrete

    All concrete structures will crack to some extent, due to shrinkage and tension. Concrete which is subjected to long-duration forces is prone to creep. The density of concrete varies, but is around 2,400 kilograms per cubic metre (150 lb/cu ft). [1] Reinforced concrete is the most common form of concrete.

  7. Reinforced concrete column - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinforced_Concrete_Column

    A reinforced concrete column is a structural member designed to carry compressive loads, composed of concrete with an embedded steel frame to provide reinforcement. For design purposes, the columns are separated into two categories: short columns and slender columns.

  8. Size effect on structural strength - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Size_Effect_on_Structural...

    Eq. 2 is the cumulative Weibull distribution with scale parameter and shape parameter ; = [^ ()] = constant factor depending on the structure geometry, = structure volume; = relative (size-independent) coordinate vectors, ^ = dimensionless stress field (dependent on geometry), scaled so that the maximum stress be 1; = number of spatial ...

  9. Area formulas - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Area

    That is, the area of the rectangle is the length multiplied by the width. As a special case, as l = w in the case of a square, the area of a square with side length s is given by the formula: [1] [2] A = s 2 (square). The formula for the area of a rectangle follows directly from the basic properties of area, and is sometimes taken as a ...