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The culture of Montenegro is as pluralistic and diverse as its history and geographical position would suggest. Montenegro 's culture has been influenced by the Serbian Empire , the Byzantine Empire , ancient Greece , ancient Rome , Christianity , the Ottoman Empire , the Republic of Venice , Austria-Hungary , and Yugoslavia .
Montenegrins (Montenegrin: Црногорци, romanized: Crnogorci, lit. 'People of the Black Mountain', pronounced [tsr̩nǒɡoːrtsi] or [tsr̩noɡǒːrtsi]) are a South Slavic ethnic group that share a common ancestry, culture, history, and language, identified with the country of Montenegro.
According to the 2023 census data, 41.12% of people in Montenegro identify as ethnic Montenegrins (decrease of 3.86% from 2011), while 32.93% declare as ethnic Serbs (increase of 4.20% from 2011); 43.18% said they spoke "Serbian" whereas 34.57% declared "Montenegrin" as their native language.
Montenegro is a multiethnic state with no ethnic majority. [135] [136] Montenegrins make up 41.1% of the population, Serbs 32.9%, Bosniaks 9.45%, Albanians 4.99%, and Russians 2.01%. [137] There is a significant number of other ethnic groups, including Romani people, Croats, Ukrainians, Belarusians, and Turks.
The Slavic population of Montenegro uses a large diversity in ethnic identities to describe their ethnicity. The 1909 official census of Principality of Montenegro - total 317.856 inhabitants During the first decades after WW II most Slavic people identified themselves as Montenegrins , with less than 2% Serbs and less than 2% Croats in 1948.
The ethnic composition in the 18th century was clear among the Slavs; In a letter to Justinian Bert in 1756, Montenegrin chieftains said: "We are of the Orthodox Christian faith and law of the Eastern Church, of the honorable and glorious Slav-Serb kin".
The flag of Montenegro. Montenegrin nationalism is the nationalism that asserts that Montenegrins are a nation and promotes the cultural unity of Montenegrins. [1]From the beginning of the 18th century, the population of Montenegro was torn between variants of Montenegrin and Serbian nationalism. [2]
Serbs of Montenegro (Serbian: Срби у Црној Гори / Srbi u Crnoj Gori) or Montenegrin Serbs (Serbian: Црногорcки Cрби / Crnogorski Srbi), [b] compose native and the second largest ethnic group in Montenegro (32.93% of country's population), [4] after the ethnic Montenegrins.