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Indian-origin religions Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism, and Sikhism, [4] are all based on the concepts of dharma and karma. Ahimsa, the philosophy of nonviolence, is an important aspect of native Indian faiths whose most well-known proponent was Shri Mahatma Gandhi, who used civil disobedience to unite India during the Indian independence movement – this philosophy further inspired Martin ...
The Indian tradition regards the Itihasa-Purana as authoritative historical writings, documenting past events [1] and prescribing dharma, the right way tho live. [7] The Itihasa-Purana forms the basis for the Epic-Puranic chronology , the traditional timeline of legendary history.
The debate traditions of ancient India are still practiced in modern times by Tibetan Buddhists. [7] Monks debate one another in order to sharpen the mind and defeat misconceptions. They may spend years in university studying debate as part of their education, and learning how to be precise and logical with their arguments. [8]
Physical fitness was prized in traditional Hindu thought, with cultivation of the body (dehvada) seen as one path to full self-realization. [2] [3] Buddhist universities such as Nalanda taught various forms of physical culture, such as swimming and archery, [4] with Buddha himself having been well-acquainted with martial activities prior to his enlightenment. [5]
The Puranas, the Mahabharata and the Ramayana contain lists of kings and genealogies, [15] from which the traditional chronology of India's ancient history are derived. [23] Megasthenes, the Greek ambassador to the Maurya court at Patna at c. 300 BCE, reported to have heard of a traditional list of 153 kings that covered 6042 years, beyond the ...
These traditions drew upon already established Brahmanical concepts, states Wiltshire, to communicate their own distinct doctrines. [32] Reginald Ray concurs that Śramaṇa movements already existed and were established traditions in pre-6th century BCE India, but disagrees with Wiltshire that they were nonsectarian before the arrival of ...
The training began from childhood, and included studies about dharma, culture, reading, writing, mathematics, geometry, colors, tools, as well as trade secrets – these were called Tradition. [1] [30] Guilds. Shilpins had formed śreṇi (guilds) in ancient India. Each guild formed its own laws and code of conduct, one the ancient Hindu and ...
From the second or first millennium BCE, ancient Indo-Aryan peoples and tribes turned into most of the population in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent – Indus Valley (roughly today's Pakistani Punjab and Sindh), Western India, Northern India, Central India, Eastern India and also in areas of the southern part like Sri Lanka and the Maldives through and after a complex process of ...