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Reasons and Persons is a 1984 book by the philosopher Derek Parfit, in which the author discusses ethics, rationality and personal identity. It is divided into four parts, dedicated to self-defeating theories, rationality and time, personal identity and responsibility toward future generations.
Self-interest and consequentialism fail indirectly, while common-sense morality is directly collectively self-defeating. (So is self-interest, but self-interest is an individual theory.) Parfit showed, using interesting examples and borrowing from Nashian games, that it would often be better for us all if we did not put the welfare of our loved ...
This does not mean S is self-contradictory or anything but it is a strange result that might be seen as a problem with S. It is a familiar, though disputed, claim that utilitarianism is self-defeating in this same sense (Williams had some rather famous things to say about this). Parfit is showing that S has the same problem, if it is a problem.
The teletransportation paradox or teletransport paradox (also known in alternative forms as the duplicates paradox) is a thought experiment on the philosophy of identity that challenges common intuitions on the nature of self and consciousness, formulated by Derek Parfit in his 1984 book Reasons and Persons. [1]
According to Parfit, it is rational for people who perceive very little connectedness with their future self to act in ways that neglect the future self (e.g., by smoking). The psychological work that followed did not similarly argue for Parfit's normative view but has instead attempted to test the descriptive validity of Parfit's theory. [6]
The vice president and her top team are accused of a stunning lack of self-relection and failing to listen to voters Democrats slam Kamala Harris’ ‘self-congratulatory’ review of election defeat
The mere addition paradox (also known as the repugnant conclusion) is a problem in ethics identified by Derek Parfit and discussed in his book Reasons and Persons (1984). The paradox identifies the mutual incompatibility of four intuitively compelling assertions about the relative value of populations.
Magic never works the same way in movies that it does in person, which is not to say that it doesn’t work in movies. For those who weren’t fortunate enough to catch Derek DelGaudio’s solo ...