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The Roman empire in AD 125, in the time of emperor Hadrian, showing the Roman provinces and legions deployed. This article lists auxilia, non-legionary auxiliary regiments of the imperial Roman army, attested in the epigraphic record, by Roman province of deployment during the reign of emperor Hadrian (r. AD 117–138).
Etruscan funerary urn crowned with the sculpture of a woman and a front-panel relief showing two warriors fighting, polychrome terracotta, c. 150 BC. The mainstay of the Roman republic's war machine was the manipular legion, a heavy infantry unit suitable for close-quarter engagements on more or less any terrain, which was probably adopted sometime during the Samnite Wars (343–290 BC). [2]
The Imperial Roman Army was the military land force of the Roman Empire from 27 BC to 476 AD, [1] ... equally split between 25 legions and 250 units of auxiliaries ...
At the time of the Pyrrhic War, the Roman army in the field consisted of four armies, [7] each of which contained two legions of Roman citizens and two units of allies. Each legion consisted of 4,200–5,000 infantry [8] and 300 cavalry, [8] while the allied units had an equal number of infantry but three times as many cavalry (900 cavalry per ...
Numerus – A unit of foreign allies not integrated into the regular army structure. Later, a unit of border forces. Numerus Batavorum – was a personal, imperial guards unit for the Roman emperors of the Julio-Claudian dynasty (30 BC – AD 68) composed of Germanic soldiers. Optio – One per century as second-in-command to the centurion.
The military of ancient Rome was one of largest pre-modern professional standing armies that ever existed. At its height, protecting over 7,000 kilometers of border and consisting of over 400,000 legionaries and auxiliaries, the army was the most important institution in the Roman world.
By the end of Augustus' reign, the imperial army numbered some 250,000 men, equally split between legionaries and auxiliaries (25 legions and c. 250 auxiliary regiments). The numbers grew to a peak of about 450,000 by 211 (33 legions and c. 400 auxiliary regiments).
Specific units of auxiliary infantry in the Roman army. Pages in category "Auxiliary infantry units of ancient Rome" The following 22 pages are in this category, out of 22 total.