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Histopathologically, FMTs consist of neoplastic connective tissue cells which have differented into cells that have microscopic appearances resembling fibroblasts and/or myofibroblasts. The fibroblastic cells are characterized as spindle-shaped cells with inconspicuous nucleoli that express vimentin , an intracellular protein typically found in ...
Clinical presentation of a lump in the breast is histologically viewed as a collagenous tumor or desmoplastic response created by myofibroblasts of the tumor stroma. [18] Proposed mechanisms of activation of myofibroblasts are by immune cytokine signaling, microvascular injury, or paracrine signaling by tumor cells. [18]
Breast MFB has also been reported to develop at a surgical scar left after treatment for breast cancer and in patients with a history of prostate, kidney, and pancreatic cancer. [14] This tumor typically presents as a single, firm, mobile, painless mass; presentation as multiple masses is extremely rare. [14]
A cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) (also known as tumour-associated fibroblast; carcinogenic-associated fibroblast; activated fibroblast) is a cell type within the tumor microenvironment that promotes tumorigenic features by initiating the remodelling of the extracellular matrix or by secreting cytokines.
Myofibroblasts upregulate the expression of fibronectin, collagens, and hyaluronic acid during and after their differentiation from fibroblasts. Among these, the EDA isoform of fibronectin (EDA-FN), and collagen type I ( COL1A1 / COL1A2 ) are typical markers of myofibroblast-dependent synthesis of pro-fibrotic extracellular matrix.
Pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia (PASH) is an overgrowth of myofibroblastic cells in the breast. It has an appearance similar to fibroadenomatoid changes. [1] The diagnostic significance is currently uncertain, but it appears to be benign. There have been cases of PASH diagnosed where the tumors co-exist with breast cancer.
On mammography, ILC shows spiculated mass with ill-defined margins that has similar or lower density than surrounding breast tissues. This happens only at 44–65% of the time. Architectural distortion on surrounding breast tissues is only seen in 10–34% of the cases. It can be reported as benign in 8–16% of the mammography cases. [10]
This is a list of major breast cancer cell lines that are primarily used in breast cancer research. [Notes 1] List of cell lines. Cell line Primary tumor