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This led to the "De Martonne aridity index". [ 16 ] In his work Problème des régions arides Sud-Américaines De Martonne was the first to coin and the define the South American Arid Diagonal .
An aridity index (AI) is a numerical indicator of the degree of dryness of the climate at a given location. The American Meteorological Society defined it in meteorology and climatology, as "the degree to which a climate lacks effective, life-promoting moisture".
The origin of the aridity of the northern part of the diagonal is linked to two geologic events: a) the rise of the Andes — an event that led to the permanent block of both the westward flow of moisture along the tropics, and the eastward flow of moisture in Patagonia [6] and b) the permanent intrusion of cold Antarctic waters (the Humboldt ...
Aridity ("drought") indexes that can be included in the article (after ): De Martonne Aridity Index; Emberger Aridity Index; UNEP Aridity Index; Thornthwaite Classification; Gaussen-Bagnouls Classification— Preceding unsigned comment added by 177.9.10.163 04:11, 2 September 2016 (UTC)
The ratio, Precipitation/PET, is the aridity index (AI), with an AI<0.2 indicating arid/hyperarid, and AI<0.5 indicating dry. [ 6 ] The coldest regions have not much evapotranspiration nor precipitation as there is not enough heat to evaporate much water, hence polar deserts .
The distribution of aridity at any time is largely the result of the general circulation of the atmosphere. The latter does change significantly over time through climate change . For example, temperature increase by 1.5–2.1 percent across the Nile Basin over the next 30–40 years could change the region from semi-arid to arid, significantly ...
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Aridification is the process of a region becoming increasingly arid, or dry.It refers to long term change, [1] rather than seasonal variation. It is often measured as the reduction of average soil moisture content.