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  2. Lower limit topology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lower_limit_topology

    The lower limit topology is finer (has more open sets) than the standard topology on the real numbers (which is generated by the open intervals). The reason is that every open interval can be written as a (countably infinite) union of half-open intervals. For any real and , the interval [,) is clopen in (i.e., both open and closed).

  3. Sorgenfrey plane - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorgenfrey_plane

    In topology, the Sorgenfrey plane is a frequently-cited counterexample to many otherwise plausible-sounding conjectures. It consists of the product of two copies of the Sorgenfrey line , which is the real line R {\displaystyle \mathbb {R} } under the half-open interval topology .

  4. Lindelöf space - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lindelöf_space

    The usual example of this is the Sorgenfrey plane, which is the product of the real line under the half-open interval topology with itself. Open sets in the Sorgenfrey plane are unions of half-open rectangles that include the south and west edges and omit the north and east edges, including the northwest, northeast, and southeast corners.

  5. Half-open interval topology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/?title=Half-open_interval...

    Half-open interval topology. Add languages. Add links. Article; Talk; ... Download as PDF; Printable version ... move to sidebar hide. From Wikipedia, the free ...

  6. Lindelöf's lemma - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lindelöf's_lemma

    Download as PDF; Printable version; ... Let the real line have its standard topology. Then every open subset of the real line is a countable union of open intervals.

  7. Open and closed maps - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_and_closed_maps

    In mathematics, more specifically in topology, an open map is a function between two topological spaces that maps open sets to open sets. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] That is, a function f : X → Y {\displaystyle f:X\to Y} is open if for any open set U {\displaystyle U} in X , {\displaystyle X,} the image f ( U ) {\displaystyle f(U)} is open in Y ...

  8. List of topologies - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_topologies

    Excluded point topology − A topological space where the open sets are defined in terms of the exclusion of a particular point. Fort space; Half-disk topology; Hilbert cube − [, /] [, /] [, /] with the product topology. Infinite broom; Integer broom topology; K-topology

  9. Nested interval topology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nested_interval_topology

    The open interval (0,1) is the set of all real numbers between 0 and 1; but not including either 0 or 1. To give the set (0,1) a topology means to say which subsets of (0,1) are "open", and to do so in a way that the following axioms are met: [1] The union of open sets is an open set. The finite intersection of open sets is an open set.