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Iodine deficiency was previously a common disease in Norway because the iodine content of the drinking water was low. Before 1950 goiter was a widespread disease caused by iodine deficiency. [ 40 ] Up to 80 percent of the population were affected in inland areas.
Causes: Iodine deficiency: Endemic goitre is a type of goitre that is associated with dietary iodine deficiency. [1] [2] ... are known for higher incidence of goitre.
Congenital iodine deficiency syndrome (CIDS), also called cretinism, [2] is a medical condition present at birth marked by impaired physical and mental development, due to insufficient thyroid hormone production (hypothyroidism) often caused by insufficient dietary iodine during pregnancy.
Studies indicate that iodine deficiency, either dietary or pharmacologic, can lead to breast atypia and increased incidence of malignancy in animal models, while iodine treatment can reverse dysplasia, [7] [62] [63] with elemental iodine (I 2) having been found to be more effective in reducing ductal hyperplasias and perilobular fibrosis in ...
Iodine deficiency is the most common cause of primary hypothyroidism and endemic goiter worldwide. [8] [9] In areas of the world with sufficient dietary iodine, hypothyroidism is most commonly caused by the autoimmune disease Hashimoto's thyroiditis (chronic autoimmune thyroiditis). [8] [9] Hashimoto's may be associated with a goiter.
Goitre is more common among women, but this includes the many types of goitre caused by autoimmune problems, and not only those caused by simple lack of iodine. [22] Iodine mainly accumulates in the sea and in the topsoil. Before iodine enrichment programs, goiters were common in areas with repeated flooding or glacial activities, which erodes ...
Physiological plant disorders are caused by non-pathological conditions such as poor light, adverse weather, water-logging, phytotoxic compounds or a lack of nutrients, and affect the functioning of the plant system. Physiological disorders are distinguished from plant diseases caused by pathogens, such as a virus or fungus. [1]
Other nutritional deficiencies, which include iodine deficiency and iron deficiency anemia, result in another 84,000 deaths. [192] In 2010 malnutrition caused about 1.5 million deaths in women and children. [193] According to the World Health Organization, malnutrition is the biggest contributor to child mortality, present in half of all cases ...