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The Reichskommissariat Ukraine (RKU; lit. ' Reich Commissariat of Ukraine ') was established by Nazi Germany in 1941 during World War II. It was the civilian occupation regime of much of German-occupied Ukraine (it also included adjacent areas of the Byelorussian SSR, Russian SFSR, and pre-war Poland).
Ukraine, with its rich natural resources and strategic location, was a key focus of these plans. Ukraine became a major center for heavy industry, particularly in coal mining, steel production, and machine building. Cities like Kharkiv, Dnipropetrovsk (now Dnipro), and Stalino (now Donetsk) were transformed into industrial hubs. The rapid ...
The Kirovograd offensive operation (Russian: Кировоградская наступательная операция, Ukrainian: Кіровогра́дська наступа́льна опера́ція), [5] known on the German side as The defensive battle in the Kirovograd area (Die Abwehrschlacht im Raum von Kirowograd), [6] was an offensive by the Red Army's 2nd Ukrainian Front against ...
They retook the land in 1944. [3]: 625 Operation Barbarossa Germany Romania. 1941 Nazi Germany invaded the Soviet Union, including Ukraine, [1]: 453, 460 in June 1941 with assistance from allied Romania. [4] By November they controlled almost all of what had been Soviet Ukraine, including the portion annexed in 1939. [3]: 624 Occupations:
The Crimean offensive (8 April – 12 May 1944), known in German sources as the Battle of the Crimea, was a series of offensives by the Red Army directed at the German-held Crimea. The Red Army's 4th Ukrainian Front engaged the German 17th Army of Army Group South Ukraine , which consisted of Wehrmacht and Romanian formations. [ 5 ]
In the summer of 1944 it opposed the Red Army's 1st Ukrainian Front during the Lvov-Sandomir strategic offensive operation (13 July - 29 August 1944). [3] In August 1944 the 4th Panzer Army and the 17th Army defended between Carpathian Mountains and the Pripyet swamps in Galicia. In September 1944 it was renamed to Army Group A.
After the liberation of Crimea, the front was disbanded in May 1944. For the second time the 4th Ukrainian Front was created on 4 August 1944, by separating the left wing of the 1st Ukrainian Front. The front took part in the Carpathian Offensive simultaneously with the Battle of the Dukla Pass.
The hostilities that unfolded in January–May 1944 in the southern section of the Soviet-German front covered a vast territory from the Dnieper to the Carpathians, from Polesia to the Black Sea, including the right-bank Ukraine, Western Ukraine, Southern Ukraine, Crimea, part of Moldova and Romania.