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For example, a precondition—an assertion placed at the beginning of a section of code—determines the set of states under which the programmer expects the code to execute. A postcondition—placed at the end—describes the expected state at the end of execution. For example: x > 0 { x++ } x > 1.
This is a feature of C# 4.0 and .NET Framework 4.0. Type dynamic is a feature that enables dynamic runtime lookup to C# in a static manner. Dynamic denotes a variable with an object with a type that is resolved at runtime, as opposed to compile-time, as normally is done.
statements:Until condition:For var«s»:In list statements:EndFor:For var«s»:InEach list statements:EndFor: C instructions can be a single statement or a block in the form of: { statements} while (condition) instructions: do instructions while (condition); for («type» i = first; i <= last; i++) instructions — Objective-C
Type inference – C# 3 with implicitly typed local variables var and C# 9 target-typed new expressions new List comprehension – C# 3 LINQ; Tuples – .NET Framework 4.0 but it becomes popular when C# 7.0 introduced a new tuple type with language support [104] Nested functions – C# 7.0 [104] Pattern matching – C# 7.0 [104]
The detailed semantics of "the" ternary operator as well as its syntax differs significantly from language to language. A top level distinction from one language to another is whether the expressions permit side effects (as in most procedural languages) and whether the language provides short-circuit evaluation semantics, whereby only the selected expression is evaluated (most standard ...
As a precursor to the lambda functions introduced in C# 3.0, C#2.0 added anonymous delegates. These provide closure-like functionality to C#. [3] Code inside the body of an anonymous delegate has full read/write access to local variables, method parameters, and class members in scope of the delegate, excepting out and ref parameters. For example:-
The null coalescing operator is a binary operator that is part of the syntax for a basic conditional expression in several programming languages, such as (in alphabetical order): C# [1] since version 2.0, [2] Dart [3] since version 1.12.0, [4] PHP since version 7.0.0, [5] Perl since version 5.10 as logical defined-or, [6] PowerShell since 7.0.0, [7] and Swift [8] as nil-coalescing operator.
A fluent interface is normally implemented by using method chaining to implement method cascading (in languages that do not natively support cascading), concretely by having each method return the object to which it is attached [citation needed], often referred to as this or self.