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Methyltrichlorosilane undergoes hydrolysis, shown in idealized form here: [1] MeSiCl 3 + 3 H 2 O → MeSi(OH) 3 + 3 HCl. The silanol is unstable and will eventually condense to give a polymer network: MeSi(OH) 3 → MeSiO 1.5 + 1.5 H 2 O. Methyltrichlorosilane undergoes alcoholysis (reaction with alcohol) to give alkoxysilanes.
Methyltrichlorosilane can be used to induce branching and cross-linking in PDMS molecules, while chlorotrimethylsilane serves to end backbone chains, limiting molecular weight. Other acid-forming species, especially acetate, can replace chlorine in silicone synthesis with little difference in the chemistry of the finished polymer. These ...
Dimethyldichlorosilane (Me 2 SiCl 2) is of particular value (precursor to silicones), but trimethylsilyl chloride (Me 3 SiCl) and methyltrichlorosilane (MeSiCl 3) are also valuable. [5]: 371 The mechanism of the direct process is still not well understood, despite much research. Copper plays an important role.
Trichlorosilane is a reagent in the conversion of benzoic acids to toluene derivatives. In the first step of a two-pot reaction, the carboxylic acid is first converted to the trichlosilylbenzyl compound. In the second step, the benzylic silyl derivative is converted to the toluene derivative with base. [7]
Methyltrimethoxysilane is usually prepared from methyltrichlorosilane and methanol: CH 3 SiCl 3 + 3 CH 3 OH → CH 3 Si(OCH 3) 3 + 3 HCl. Alcoholysis of alkylchlorosilanes typically proceeds via an S N 2 mechanism. Inversion of the configuration is favored during nucleophilic attack when displacing good leaving groups, such as chloride. [3]
This feature is exploited in many reactions such as the Sakurai reaction, the Brook rearrangement, the Fleming–Tamao oxidation, and the Peterson olefination. [16] The Si–C bond (1.89 Å) is significantly longer than a typical C–C bond (1.54 Å), suggesting that silyl substitutents have less steric demand than their organyl analogues.
It is a colorless gas that ignites in air. It can be prepared by reduction of methyltrichlorosilane with lithium aluminium hydride. [2] It has been investigated as a precursor to silicon carbide. [3] Methylsilane has been the subject of extensive theoretical analysis. [4]
The reaction also produces stoichiometric quantities of alkoxide base, which can catalyze the competing Dieckmann condensation. [4] Rühlmann's 's technique traps the alkoxide and the acyloin with trimethylchlorosilane for considerably improved yields. [12] The disilyl diether can then be cloven with acidified water or methanol. Rühlmann-method