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In geometry and group theory, a lattice in the real coordinate space is an infinite set of points in this space with the properties that coordinate-wise addition or subtraction of two points in the lattice produces another lattice point, that the lattice points are all separated by some minimum distance, and that every point in the space is within some maximum distance of a lattice point.
Let be a locally compact group and a discrete subgroup (this means that there exists a neighbourhood of the identity element of such that = {}).Then is called a lattice in if in addition there exists a Borel measure on the quotient space / which is finite (i.e. (/) < +) and -invariant (meaning that for any and any open subset / the equality () = is satisfied).
A lattice is an abstract structure studied in the mathematical subdisciplines of order theory and abstract algebra.It consists of a partially ordered set in which every pair of elements has a unique supremum (also called a least upper bound or join) and a unique infimum (also called a greatest lower bound or meet).
Lattice-theoretic information about the lattice of subgroups can sometimes be used to infer information about the original group, an idea that goes back to the work of Øystein Ore (1937, 1938). For instance, as Ore proved , a group is locally cyclic if and only if its lattice of subgroups is distributive .
In detail, the space of homomorphisms from G to the (cyclic) group of order p, (, /), is a vector space over the finite field = /. A non-trivial such map has as kernel a normal subgroup of index p, and multiplying the map by an element of ( Z / p ) × {\displaystyle (\mathbf {Z} /p)^{\times }} (a non-zero number mod p ) does not change the ...
One of Leech's discoveries was a lattice packing in 24-space, based on what came to be called the Leech lattice Λ. He wondered whether his lattice's symmetry group contained an interesting simple group, but felt he needed the help of someone better acquainted with group theory.
A residuated lattice is a lattice. (def) 15. A distributive lattice is modular. [3] 16. A modular complemented lattice is relatively complemented. [4] 17. A boolean algebra is relatively complemented. (1,15,16) 18. A relatively complemented lattice is a lattice. (def) 19. A heyting algebra is distributive. [5] 20. A totally ordered set is a ...
Group theory has three main historical sources: number theory, the theory of algebraic equations, and geometry.The number-theoretic strand was begun by Leonhard Euler, and developed by Gauss's work on modular arithmetic and additive and multiplicative groups related to quadratic fields.