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The Harari people (Harari: ጌይ ኡሱኣች Gēy Usuach, "People of the City") are a Semitic-speaking ethnic group which inhabits the Horn of Africa.Members of this ethnic group traditionally reside in the walled city of Harar, simply called Gēy "the City" in Harari, situated in the Harari Region of eastern Ethiopia.
The indigenous Harari natives who once were majority within the walled city are under 15%, due to ethnic cleansing by the Haile Selassie government. [83] [84] [85] [verification needed] As a result of the repression by the Ethiopian regime, in the late 1970s Hararis residing in Addis Ababa outnumbered those in Harar. [86]
Based on the 2007 Census conducted by the Central Statistical Agency of Ethiopia (CSA), Harari has a total population of 183,415, of whom 92,316 were men and 91,099 women. This region is the only one in Ethiopia where the majority of its population lives in an urban area: 99,368 or 54.18% of the population are urban inhabitants.
Research on and display of Harari Qurans is limited. The 2017 exhibition The Art of the Qur’an was the first major exhibition in the US to showcase Islamic manuscripts, but it did not include any from Ethiopia. [7] Other exhibits such as 2023's Africa & Byzantium included a variety of Ethiopian art and artifacts, but no Quranic manuscripts. [8]
According to historian Merid Wolde Aregay, the Harar emirate's predecessor state the Harar Sultanate, consisted mainly of Hubat, the Harari uplands, the region of Babile and extended east into the modern Somali region of Ethiopia. He adds that its inhabitants spoke Harari language and it was the most dominant polity in the region. [8]
The Ethiopian–Adal War was in response to the death of Harla leader of Adal, Imam Mahfuz, killed in single combat, by the warrior-monk Gebre Andrias in the early reign of Emperor Dawit II. [ 29 ] [ 30 ] [ 31 ] In the wars against Emperor Sarsa Dengel , the Harla were led by the Sultan Muhammad ibn Nasir .
The Egyptian Invasion of Harar, was part of a conflict in the Horn of Africa between the Emirate of Harar, Sultan of Aussa, and Oromo tribesmen, and the Khedivate of Egypt from 1874 to 1885. [3] In 1874, the Egyptians invaded Eastern Ethiopia, namely Hararghe and parts of the Somali coast, and ruled it for 11 years. [4] [5]
1875 – In the name of scientific expedition, Muhammad Rauf Pasha led an Egyptian force from Zeila into the interior of southeast Ethiopia. [8] [9] 11 October 1875 – Harar was occupied by the Egyptian army. [10] 1880-1891 - French poet Arthur Rimbaud established himself as a trader in Harar. He was only the third European ever to set foot in ...