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Atrophic vaginitis may be caused by tissue thinning, loss of elasticity, and loss of vaginal fluids from low estrogen levels. [5] Normally, estrogen helps the vagina shed old cells, which are then converted into lactic acid by good bacteria. [15] This keeps the vagina's pH acidic and healthy. [15]
But using a low-dose vaginal estrogen cream twice a week or the hormone dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), a suppository that’s typically applied nightly, helps restore acidity and repairs the ...
Vaginal estrogen is a form of estrogen that is delivered by intravaginal administration. Vaginally administered estrogens are thereby exerting their effects mainly in the nearby tissue, with more limited systemic effects compared to orally administered estrogens. [ 1 ]
Low-dose estrogen medications are approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for treatment of menopause-related symptoms. HRT can be used with or without a progestogen to improve symptoms such as hot flashes, sweating, trouble sleeping, vaginal dryness and discomfort. [ 28 ]
Vaginal administration of low doses of 30 μg estriol and of higher doses of 0.5 and 1 mg estriol have been found to produce equivalent local effects in the vagina and improvement of vaginal symptoms, suggesting that a saturation of estrogenic effect of vaginal estriol has been reached in the vagina by a dose of only 30 μg estriol. [4]
Vestibulodynia can be hormonal too, and potentially triggered by low-dose birth control pills, which may contribute to vaginal dryness by lowering testosterone levels (which is a huge factor in ...
Atypical (dual estrogen and nitrogen mustard alkylating antineoplastic): Estramustine phosphate sodium (Emcyt) – 140 mg; Oral estradiol valerate (except in combination with dienogest as an oral contraceptive) is not available in the U.S. and is used primarily in Europe. [2]
Ospemifene is "an estrogen agonist/antagonist that makes vaginal tissue thicker and less fragile resulting in a reduction in the amount of pain women experience with sexual intercourse." [ 5 ] This medication should be used for the shortest amount of time possible due to associated adverse effects. [ 5 ]
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