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But using a low-dose vaginal estrogen cream twice a week or the hormone dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), a suppository that’s typically applied nightly, helps restore acidity and repairs the tissue.
Estrogen pills, patches or gel, or a higher-dose estrogen ring may be recommended if the vaginal estrogen does not work. In addition to estrogen therapy, medications like Ospemifene and Prasterone ...
Vaginal estrogen is a form of estrogen that is delivered by intravaginal administration. Vaginally administered estrogens are thereby exerting their effects mainly in the nearby tissue, with more limited systemic effects compared to orally administered estrogens. [1] It will not protect against osteoporosis. [2]
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[16] [17] Estrogen helps maintain a thick, glycogen-rich vaginal lining, which healthy bacteria use to produce lactic acid to keep the vaginal environment acidic, reducing infection risks. [16] In premenopausal women, the main form of estrogen is called estradiol and fluctuates between 40 and 200 pg/mL, rising to 600 pg/mL during ovulation. [ 16 ]
Hypoestrogenism, or estrogen deficiency, refers to a lower than normal level of estrogen. It is an umbrella term used to describe estrogen deficiency in various conditions. Estrogen deficiency is also associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, [1] and has been linked to diseases like urinary tract infections [2] and osteoporosis.
Vaginal estrogen, which includes creams, pills, rings, and inserts, is more commonly prescribed due to its lower risk. DHEA (prasterone) is a promising alternative that enhances vaginal health with minimal side effects and does not significantly alter hormone levels. [ 8 ]
Estrogen-based birth control has been shown to increase the risk of vestibulodynia by up to 11 times. [9] Labs may show high sex hormone binding globulin or low free testosterone. [10] Hypertonic pelvic floor dysfunction is present in many people who have vestibulodynia.