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Nocardia as found on a brain biopsy.. Nocardia is a genus of weakly staining Gram-positive, catalase-positive, rod-shaped bacteria.It forms partially acid-fast beaded branching filaments (appearing similar to fungi, but being truly bacteria).
The Nocardiaceae form a monophyletic clade within the Corynebacteriales in both 16S rRNA and protein-based phylogenetic trees. [7] [8] A number of conserved signature indels and conserved signature proteins have been identified which are uniquely found in the genera Nocardia and Rhodococcus, supporting a close relationship between the two genera. [8]
Nocardiosis is an infectious disease affecting either the lungs (pulmonary nocardiosis) or the whole body (systemic nocardiosis).It is due to infection by a bacterium of the genus Nocardia, most commonly Nocardia asteroides or Nocardia brasiliensis.
"Nocardia dentocariosus" (Onishi 1949) Roth 1957 Rothia dentocariosus (Onishi 1949) Georg and Brown 1967 (Approved Lists 1980) Rothia dentocariosa is a species of Gram-positive , round- to rod-shaped bacteria that is part of the normal community of microbes residing in the mouth and respiratory tract .
The adjectives gram-positive and gram-negative derive from the surname of Hans Christian Gram; as eponymous adjectives, their initial letter can be either capital G or lower-case g, depending on which style guide (e.g., that of the CDC), if any, governs the document being written. [24]
Rhodococcus is a genus of aerobic, nonsporulating, nonmotile Gram-positive bacteria closely related to Mycobacterium and Corynebacterium. [2] [3] While a few species are pathogenic, most are benign, and have been found to thrive in a broad range of environments, including soil, water, and eukaryotic cells.
For example: A non-free-living organism would be a parasite that depends on a host as a food source and a place for shelter. "Free-living" also allows these organisms to require less energy and food for survival. Bacteria from the Pseudonocardia genus are catalase-positive, non-motile, aerobic, non-acid-fast and produce a gram positive reaction.
These acids resist staining by ordinary methods such as a Gram stain. [9] It can also be used to stain a few other bacteria, such as Nocardia. The reagents used for Ziehl–Neelsen staining are carbol fuchsin, acid alcohol, and methylene blue. Acid-fast bacilli are bright red after staining. [citation needed]