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In the human liver, bile is composed of 97–98% water, 0.7% bile salts, 0.2% bilirubin, 0.51% fats (cholesterol, fatty acids, and lecithin), and 200 meq/L inorganic salts. [2] [3] The two main pigments of bile are bilirubin, which is orange-yellow, and its oxidised form biliverdin, which is green.
They are occasionally used as an adjunct to the statins as an alternative to the fibrates (another major group of cholesterol-lowering drugs), which are thought to increase the risk of rhabdomyolysis when used with statins. The bile-acid-binding resins can raise triglycerides modestly (about 5%) and cannot be used if the triglycerides are elevated.
In most contexts, high cholesterol is seen as bad and something to be avoided. There's a good reason for this: High LDL cholesterol can lead to plaque buildup in the arteries , which increases the ...
Gallstones may result from increased saturation of cholesterol or bilirubin, or from bile stasis. Lower concentrations of bile acids or phospholipids in bile reduce cholesterol solubility and lead to microcrystal formation. Oral therapy with chenodeoxycholic acid and/or ursodeoxycholic acid has been used to dissolve cholesterol gallstones.
There are two main types of cholesterol: HDL, or high-density lipoprotein, and LDL, or low-density lipoprotein. HDL is known as “good” cholesterol, since it works to remove LDL (“bad ...
The idea that HDL cholesterol is good for you stems from a study conducted in the 1970s that determined high levels of HDL were linked with a low heart disease risk, explains Alfonso Waller, M.D ...
Bilirubin (BR) (from the Latin for "red bile") is a red-orange compound that occurs in the normal catabolic pathway that breaks down heme in vertebrates.This catabolism is a necessary process in the body's clearance of waste products that arise from the destruction of aged or abnormal red blood cells. [3]
Low-density lipoprotein, or LDL, is considered "bad" cholesterol because it’s the type that builds up in your arteries and can contribute to your risk for heart disease and stroke.