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  2. Molecular geometry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_geometry

    Molecular geometry is the three-dimensional arrangement of the atoms that constitute a molecule. It includes the general shape of the molecule as well as bond lengths , bond angles , torsional angles and any other geometrical parameters that determine the position of each atom.

  3. Strain (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strain_(chemistry)

    In chemistry, a molecule experiences strain when its chemical structure undergoes some stress which raises its internal energy in comparison to a strain-free reference compound. The internal energy of a molecule consists of all the energy stored within it. A strained molecule has an additional amount of internal energy which an unstrained ...

  4. Molecular graph - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_graph

    In chemical graph theory and in mathematical chemistry, a molecular graph or chemical graph is a representation of the structural formula of a chemical compound in terms of graph theory. A chemical graph is a labeled graph whose vertices correspond to the atoms of the compound and edges correspond to chemical bonds.

  5. Chemical structure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_structure

    A chemical structure of a molecule is a spatial arrangement of its atoms and their chemical bonds. Its determination includes a chemist 's specifying the molecular geometry and, when feasible and necessary, the electronic structure of the target molecule or other solid.

  6. Molecular graphics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_graphics

    Molecular graphics is the discipline and philosophy of studying molecules and their properties through graphical representation. [1] IUPAC limits the definition to representations on a "graphical display device". [ 2 ]

  7. List of fictional elements, materials, isotopes and subatomic ...

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_fictional_elements...

    Katakana: ヒヒイロカネ or kanji: 緋々色金 It is a red-orange fantasy metal that is common in Japanese fiction. Hyperium: Giants series One of three stable transuranic elements predicted by the new science of nucleonics in James P. Hogan's Giants series. Not naturally occurring outside of neutron stars, but trace amounts are created in ...

  8. Ball-and-stick model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ball-and-stick_model

    In chemistry, the ball-and-stick model is a molecular model of a chemical substance which displays both the three-dimensional position of the atoms and the bonds between them. [1] The atoms are typically represented by spheres , connected by rods which represent the bonds.

  9. VSEPR theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VSEPR_theory

    On the other hand, there are only three outer atoms. This is referred to as an AX 3 E type molecule because the lone pair is represented by an E. [1]: 410–417 By definition, the molecular shape or geometry describes the geometric arrangement of the atomic nuclei only, which is trigonal-pyramidal for NH 3. [1]: 410–417