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Reframing is the general change in a person's mindset, whether it be a positive or negative change. Restructuring is the act of therapeutically changing one's mindset to strengthen oneself—meaning that it always has a positive connotation.
The negativity bias, [1] also known as the negativity effect, is a cognitive bias that, even when positive or neutral things of equal intensity occur, things of a more negative nature (e.g. unpleasant thoughts, emotions, or social interactions; harmful/traumatic events) have a greater effect on one's psychological state and processes than neutral or positive things.
One can view framing in communication as positive or negative – depending on the audience and what kind of information is being presented. The framing may be in the form of equivalence frames , where two or more logically equivalent alternatives are portrayed in different ways (see framing effect ) or emphasis frames , which simplify reality ...
Rather, the thought-flipping technique is about grounding yourself with a baseline of reality and evidence. Flipping negative thoughts to positive ones instead provides a direct counterattack.
Toxic positivity involves a limited ability to acknowledge one's own anger or sadness. Toxic positivity [a] is dysfunctional emotional management without the full acknowledgment of negative emotions, particularly anger and sadness. Socially, it is the act of dismissing another person's negative emotions by suggesting a positive emotion instead. [1]
For several days following his presentation, Andy dwells on this one negative reaction, forgetting all of the positive reactions that he had also been given. [15] The Feeling Good Handbook notes that filtering is like a "drop of ink that discolors a beaker of water". [15] One suggestion to combat filtering is a cost–benefit analysis. A person ...
The framing effect is a cognitive bias in which people decide between options based on whether the options are presented with positive or negative connotations. [1] Individuals have a tendency to make risk-avoidant choices when options are positively framed, while selecting more loss-avoidant options when presented with a negative frame.
In therapy: In therapy (as in the work of Steven Hayes and associates), a client is taught first to identify and accept a negative thought or attitude, and then to allow the cognitive shifting process to re-direct attention away from the negative fixation, toward a chosen aim or goal that is more positive—thus the "accept and choose act" from ...