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Mascarene Islands were formed in a series of undersea volcanic eruptions 8–10 Ma, as the African plate drifted over the Réunion hotspot. Yellowstone hotspot, Twin Fall volcanic field, Idaho; 8.6 to 10 Ma. [65] Yellowstone hotspot, Grey's Landing Supereruption, Idaho; 8.72 Ma, 2,800 cubic kilometers (672 cu mi) of Grey's Landing Ignimbrite. [66]
An eruption on 16 March injured 10 people, including a BBC News television crew, after magma exploded upon contact with snow. [97] [98] 3 Mount Ontake [99] Japan 2014 63 A phreatic eruption and pyroclastic flow occurred without warning, killing 63 people. Deadliest eruption in Japan since 1902, first volcano-related deaths in Japan since 1991. 2
The volcanic island of Anak Krakatau in Indonesia saw an eruption on 22 December 2018 which caused a deadly tsunami, with waves surging up to five meters in height. The tsunami killed at least 437 ...
Still larger were the Icelandic eruptions of Katla (the Eldgjá eruption) circa 934, with 18 km 3 (4 cu mi) of erupted lava, and the Þjórsárhraun eruption of Bárðarbunga circa 6700 BCE, with 25 km 3 (6 cu mi) lava erupted, the latter being the largest effusive eruption in the last 10,000 years. [46]
Campanian volcanic arc ≥ 10 56 X2 6 Ischia: Campanian volcanic arc: 40 56 Monte Epomeo Green Tuff 6 Daisen: Honshū: 40 59.6 [3] Daisen-Kurayoshi Pumice 6 Shikotsu Hokkaidō: 50 60 Shadai eruption 6 Towada Honshū: 10 61 eruption episode Q 6 Newberry Volcano: Cascade Volcanic Arc > 12.5 62.5 Olema tephra, Paulina tephra 6 Hakone: Honshū
A volcanic eruption is essentially the only natural way for short-lived – less than a few years – gases like sulfur dioxide and water vapor to make it into the stratosphere.
Perhaps 30,000 years of volcanic activity form the Deccan Traps in India, or a large meteor impact. 66: Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary and Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event, extinction of dinosaurs: 55.8: Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum: 53.7: Eocene Thermal Maximum 2: 49: Azolla event may have ended a long warm period 5.3–2.6
A.D. 79: Mount Vesuvius, Italy. Mount Vesuvius has erupted eight times in the last 17,000 years, most recently in 1944, but the big one was in A.D. 17. One of the most violent eruptions in history ...