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Vincristine, also known as leurocristine and marketed under the brand name Oncovin among others, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat a number of types of cancer. [5] This includes acute lymphocytic leukemia , acute myeloid leukemia , Hodgkin's disease , neuroblastoma , and small cell lung cancer among others. [ 5 ]
The Madagascan periwinkle Catharanthus roseus L. is the source for a number of important natural products, [1] including catharanthine and vindoline [2] and the vinca alkaloids it produces from them: leurosine and the chemotherapy agents vinblastine [3] and vincristine, [4] all of which can be obtained from the plant.
It is a source of the drugs vincristine and vinblastine, used to treat cancer. [3] It was formerly included in the genus Vinca as Vinca rosea . It has many vernacular names among which are arivotaombelona or rivotambelona , tonga , tongatse or trongatse , tsimatiririnina , and vonenina .
Catharanthus roseus, known formerly as Vinca rosea, is a main source of vinca alkaloids, now sometimes called catharanthus alkaloids. The plant produces about 130 of these compounds, including vinblastine and vincristine , two drugs used to treat cancer.
Vinblastine is a chemical analogue of vincristine [17] [20] [25] and is also used to treat various forms of cancer. [26] Dimeric alkaloids such as vincristine and vinblastine are produced by the coupling the smaller indole alkaloids vindoline and catharanthine. [17] [27] In addition, the nootropic agent vincamine is derived from V. minor.
The dimerization of catharanthine and vindoline produces the anti-cancer drugs vinblastine and vincristine. [10] The natural concentrations of catharanthine and vindoline are much higher than the concentrations of vinblastine and vincristine, which suggests that the reaction between catharanthine and vindoline is a rate-limiting step in the two ...
The combination is then referred to as COP (cyclophosphamide, Oncovin, and prednisone or prednisolone) or CVP (cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone or prednisolone). As elderly patients have a greater risk of toxicity from the drugs, an option is to use an attenuated drug regimen, called miniCHOP.
There are also dimeric alkaloids formed from two distinct monomers, such as the vinca alkaloids vinblastine and vincristine, [27] [135] which are formed from the coupling of catharanthine and vindoline. [194] [195] The newer semi-synthetic chemotherapeutic agent vinorelbine is used in the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer.
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