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  2. Ordinary least squares - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordinary_least_squares

    In statistics, ordinary least squares (OLS) is a type of linear least squares method for choosing the unknown parameters in a linear regression model (with fixed level-one [clarification needed] effects of a linear function of a set of explanatory variables) by the principle of least squares: minimizing the sum of the squares of the differences between the observed dependent variable (values ...

  3. Numerical methods for linear least squares - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numerical_methods_for...

    The numerical methods for linear least squares are important because linear regression models are among the most important types of model, both as formal statistical models and for exploration of data-sets. The majority of statistical computer packages contain

  4. Least squares - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Least_squares

    The result of fitting a set of data points with a quadratic function Conic fitting a set of points using least-squares approximation. In regression analysis, least squares is a parameter estimation method based on minimizing the sum of the squares of the residuals (a residual being the difference between an observed value and the fitted value provided by a model) made in the results of each ...

  5. Linear least squares - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_least_squares

    Linear least squares (LLS) is the least squares approximation of linear functions to data. It is a set of formulations for solving statistical problems involved in linear regression , including variants for ordinary (unweighted), weighted , and generalized (correlated) residuals .

  6. Regression analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regression_analysis

    For example, least squares (including its most common variant, ordinary least squares) finds the value of that minimizes the sum of squared errors ((,)). A given regression method will ultimately provide an estimate of β {\displaystyle \beta } , usually denoted β ^ {\displaystyle {\hat {\beta }}} to distinguish the estimate from the true ...

  7. Proofs involving ordinary least squares - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proofs_involving_ordinary...

    The normal equations can be derived directly from a matrix representation of the problem as follows. The objective is to minimize = ‖ ‖ = () = +.Here () = has the dimension 1x1 (the number of columns of ), so it is a scalar and equal to its own transpose, hence = and the quantity to minimize becomes

  8. Generalized least squares - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generalized_least_squares

    It is used when there is a non-zero amount of correlation between the residuals in the regression model. GLS is employed to improve statistical efficiency and reduce the risk of drawing erroneous inferences, as compared to conventional least squares and weighted least squares methods. It was first described by Alexander Aitken in 1935. [1]

  9. Linear regression - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_regression

    The partial least squares regression is the extension of the PCR method which does not suffer from the mentioned deficiency. Least-angle regression [6] is an estimation procedure for linear regression models that was developed to handle high-dimensional covariate vectors, potentially with more covariates than observations.