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Internal control, as defined by accounting and auditing, is a process for assuring of an organization's objectives in operational effectiveness and efficiency, reliable financial reporting, and compliance with laws, regulations and policies. A broad concept, internal control involves everything that controls risks to an organization.
Internal auditing is an independent, objective assurance and consulting activity designed to add value and improve an organization's operations. It helps an organization accomplish its objectives by bringing a systematic, disciplined approach to evaluate and improve the effectiveness of risk management, control and governance processes. [1]
Eco-Management and Audit Scheme or Environmental Management and Audit Scheme (EMAS) is an international standard for environment management systems. It was developed in March 1993 by European Commission. The goal of the standard is to enable organizations to assess, manage and continuously improve their environmental performance.
The Puskesmas with beds are mostly located in more remote areas and ideally should be staffed and equipped to provide Basic Emergency Obstetric Care/Pelayanan Obstetri Neonatus Emergensi Dasar (BEOC/PONED) twenty-four hours per day. A midwife and a GP, who are not always properly trained for BEOC/PONED, staff these centres.
In those cases, the SAI should, whenever possible, offer assistance and guidance to establish and develop those capacities and to ensure the independence of the internal auditor's activities." "The creation of an internal audit unit as part of the internal control system is a strong signal by management that internal control is important ...
An internal auditor is responsible to the Board functionally and administratively to the management of the company, and the auditor submits the report to the Board. Their job description is said to include financial record examination, compliance analysis, risk management, and theft and fraud detection skills, along with good communication.
Risk based internal audit is conducted by internal audit department to help the risk management function of the company by providing assurance about the risk mitigation. RBIA allows internal audit to provide assurance to the board that risk management processes are managing risks effectively, in relation to the risk appetite. [2]
Independence of the internal auditor means independence from parties whose interests might be harmed by the results of an audit. [4] To maintain independence and neutrality, internal adjudicators should report directly to the Audit Committee and have unrestricted access to all applicable information and labor force within the association.