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Rh disease. Rh disease (also known as rhesus isoimmunization, Rh (D) disease, or rhesus incompatibility, and blue baby disease) is a type of hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN). HDFN due to anti-D antibodies is the proper and currently used name for this disease as the Rh blood group system actually has more than 50 antigens and ...
The Rh blood group system is a human blood group system. It contains proteins on the surface of red blood cells. After the ABO blood group system, it is the most likely to be involved in transfusion reactions. The Rh blood group system consisted of 49 defined blood group antigens [1] in 2005. As of 2023, there are over 50 antigens among which ...
Ruth Renter Darrow (1895–1956) was an American pathologist [2] who was the first to identify the cause of hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN). [3] [4] [5] In 1938, three years prior to the discovery of antibodies against the Rh antigen, [4] Darrow correctly hypothesized that the disease was caused by destruction of red blood cells due to antibodies in the mother's blood. [3]
Benjamin Stacy. The Fugates, commonly known as the " Blue Fugates " [ 1 ] or the " Blue People of Kentucky ", are an ancestral family living in the hills of Kentucky starting in the 19th century, where they are known for having a genetic trait that led to the blood disorder methemoglobinemia, causing the skin to appear blue.
Hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDN) is a condition where the passage of maternal antibodies results in the hemolysis of fetal/neonatal red cells. The antibodies can be naturally occurring such as anti-A, and anti-B, or immune antibodies developed following a sensitizing event. [12] Isoimmunization occurs when the maternal immune ...
The Rh factor is an inherited protein found on the surface of red blood cells. [19] If the mother is Rh negative and the father is Rh positive, a fetus has at least a 50% chance of being Rh positive. [19] Rh incompatibility occurs when a mother has Rh-negative blood and her baby has Rh-positive blood. [19]
The Kleihauer–Betke ("KB") test, Kleihauer–Betke ("KB") stain, Kleihauer test or acid elution test is a blood test used to measure the amount of fetal hemoglobin transferred from a fetus to a mother's bloodstream. [1] It is usually performed on Rh-negative mothers to determine the required dose of Rho (D) immune globulin (RhIg) to inhibit ...
[83]: 16 Midwives, meaning "with woman", were those who assisted in the birth and care of both born and unborn children, a position historically held mainly by women. [107] During the birth of a child, men were rarely present. Women from the neighbourhood or family would join in on the process of birth and assist in many different ways. [108]