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The Medes [N 1] were an ancient Iranian people who spoke the Median language [N 2] and who inhabited an area known as Media between western and northern Iran. Around the 11th century BC, they occupied the mountainous region of northwestern Iran and the northeastern and eastern region of Mesopotamia in the vicinity of Ecbatana (present-day ...
However, Xenophon must have been aware of the true turn of events because in the Anabasis (III 4.8-12), he reported on the war between the Persians and the Medes, while in the Cyropaedia, historical facts seem to have been intentionally obscured to idealize Cyrus. [4] Nabonidus Cylinder Sippar
Medism (Greek: μηδισμός, medismos) in ancient Greece referred to the act of imitating, sympathizing with, collaborating with, or siding with the Persians.While the term "Mede" was commonly used by Greeks to refer to the Persians, strictly speaking, the Medes were a distinct Iranian people who were co-rulers with the Persians in the Medo-Persian (Achaemenid) Empire.
The war between the Medes and Lydians resulted in a series of conflicts over five years, with both sides experiencing alternating victories. In the sixth year of the conflict, a solar eclipse interrupted a battle, leading both sides to conclude a peace treaty mediated by Labynetus of Babylon and Syennesis I of Cilicia. As a result, the Halys ...
Media (Old Persian: 𐎶𐎠𐎭, romanized: Māda, Middle Persian: Mād) is a region of north-western Iran, best known for having been the political and cultural base of the Medes. [ N 1 ] During the Achaemenid period, it comprised present-day Iranian Azerbaijan , Iranian Kurdistan and western Tabaristan .
In the sixth year of Nabonidus (550/549) Cyrus the Great, the Achaemenid Persian king of Anshan in Elam, revolted against his suzerain Astyages, king of the Manda or Medes, at Ecbatana. Astyages' army betrayed him, and Cyrus established his rule at Ecbatana, putting an end to the Median Empire and elevating the Persians among the Iranic peoples.
The Medes were an Iranian people who had become a major political power in the Near East by 612 BCE, when they joined the Babylonians in overthrowing Assyria. [6] Their kingdom came to an end in 550 BCE (or 553 BC according to some sources), when it was conquered by Cyrus the Great, the Persian king of Anshan in south-western Iran.
The Old Persian and Avestan evidence is confirmed by the Greek sources. [19] Herodotus, in his Histories, remarks about the Iranian Medes that "Medes were called anciently by all people Arians" (7.62). [19] [20] In Armenian sources, the Parthians, Medes and Persians are collectively referred to as Iranians. [29]