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Sensory processing disorder; Other names: Sensory integration dysfunction: An SPD nosology proposed by Miller LJ et al. (2007) [1] Specialty: Psychiatry, occupational therapy, neurology: Symptoms: Hypersensitivity and hyposensitivity to stimuli, and/or difficulties using sensory information to plan movement. Problems discriminating ...
Sensory Integration Therapy is based on A. Jean Ayres's Sensory Integration Theory, which proposes that sensory-processing is linked to emotional regulation, learning, behavior, and participation in daily life. [2] Sensory integration is the process of organizing sensations from the body and environmental stimuli.
CDD is a rare condition, with only 1.7 cases per 100,000. [13] [14] [15]A child affected with childhood disintegrative disorder shows normal development. Up until this point, the child has developed normally in the areas of language skills, social skills, comprehension skills, and has maintained those skills for about two years.
A. Jean Ayres referred to developmental coordination disorder as a disorder of sensory integration in 1972, [68] [69] while in 1975 Sasson Gubbay, MD, called it the "clumsy child syndrome". [42] [70] [71] Developmental coordination disorder has also been called "minimal brain dysfunction", although the two latter names are no longer in use.
Sometimes there can be a problem with the encoding of the sensory information. This disorder is known as sensory processing disorder (SPD). This disorder can be further classified into three main types. [11] Sensory modulation disorder, in which patients seek sensory stimulation due to an over or under response to sensory stimuli.
A sensory friendly environment is created to assist those with a sensory processing disorder (SPD). The disorder is characterized by a hypersensitivity to stimuli accompanied by anxiety. [1] The Sensory Processing Disorder Foundation believes that there may be as many as one in every 20 people living with a sensory processing disorder. [2]
Sensory processing disorder is comorbid with ASD, with comorbidity rates of 42–88%. [85] With or without meeting the standards of SPD, about 90% of ASD individuals have some type of atypical sensory experiences, described as both hyper- and hypo-reactivity. [ 86 ]
As an intervention approach, Sensory integration therapy is used as "a clinical frame of reference for the assessment and treatment of people who have functional disorders in sensory processing" (p. 325). [14] Ayres considered sensory integration intervention "a specialty of occupational therapy" (Ayres 1979, p. 155).