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An open (differential) mercury pressure gauge. A mercury pressure gauge is a type of manometer using mercury as the working fluid. The most basic form of this instrument is a U-shaped glass tube filled with mercury. More complex versions deal with very high pressure or have better means of filling with mercury.
Therefore, the pressure difference between the applied pressure P a and the reference pressure P 0 in a U-tube manometer can be found by solving P a − P 0 = hgρ. In other words, the pressure on either end of the liquid (shown in blue in the figure) must be balanced (since the liquid is static), and so P a = P 0 + hgρ.
The pressure across the test piece is typically measured with a U tube manometer while, for increased sensitivity and accuracy, the pressure difference across the metering element is measured with an inclined manometer. One end of each manometer is connected to its respective plenum chamber while the other is open to the atmosphere.
Such barometers are an enclosed column of mercury standing vertically with gradations on the tube. The lower end of the tube is bathed in a pool of mercury open to the ambient to measure the local atmospheric pressure. The reading of a mercury barometer (in mm of Hg, for example) can be converted into an absolute pressure using the above equations.
A schematic drawing of a manometer (U-tube) Date: 30 January 2007: Source: Own work: Author: User:Mintz l: Permission (Reusing this file) PD .
If the wind blows into the mouth of a tube, it causes an increase of pressure on one side of the manometer. The wind over the open end of a vertical tube causes little change in pressure on the other side of the manometer. The resulting elevation difference in the two legs of the U tube is an indication of the wind speed.
It consists of a submerged manometer and container holding the substance whose vapor pressure is being measured. The open end of the manometer is then connected to a pressure measuring device. A vacuum pump is used to adjust the pressure of the system and purify the sample. Various ASTM vapor pressure measurement standards use the isoteniscope.
The Sprengel pump is a vacuum pump that uses drops of mercury falling through a small-bore capillary tube to trap air from the system to be evacuated. [ Note 1 ] It was invented by Hanover -born chemist Hermann Sprengel in 1865 while he was working in London . [ 3 ]
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