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According to the Handbook on estimation of external costs in the transport sector [6] made by the Delft University and which is the main reference in European Union for assessing the externalities of cars, the main external costs of driving a car are: congestion and scarcity costs, accident costs, air pollution costs, noise costs, climate ...
Traffic psychology is a discipline of psychology that studies the relationship between psychological processes and the behavior of road users. In general, traffic psychology aims to apply theoretical aspects of psychology in order to improve traffic mobility by helping to develop and apply crash countermeasures, as well as by guiding desired behaviors through education and the motivation of ...
Driving phobia, [1] driving anxiety, [1] [2] vehophobia, [3] amaxophobia or driving-related fear (DRF) [4] is a pathological fear of driving. It is an intense, persistent fear of participating in car traffic (or in other vehicular transportation) that affects a person's lifestyle, including aspects such as an inability to participate in certain jobs due to the pathological avoidance of driving.
The legal definition of road rage encompasses a group of behaviors expressed while driving, or stemming from traffic-related incidents. The U.S. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration defines road rage as when "an intentional assault by a driver or passenger with a motor vehicle or a weapon that occurs on the roadway or is precipitated ...
A subfield of the sociology of health and illness that overlaps with cultural sociology is the study of death, dying and bereavement, [148] sometimes referred to broadly as the sociology of death. This topic is exemplified by the work of Douglas Davies and Michael C. Kearl. [citation needed]
Although a driver in a state of highway hypnosis can drive a car, they cannot react quickly and adequately to unexpected road situations. [10] In this state, there is a tendency for the driver to gradually increase speed (a phenomenon known as psychological inertia of speed).
Illustration from a 1916 advertisement for a vocational school in the back of a US magazine. Education has been seen as a key to social mobility and the advertisement appealed to Americans' belief in the possibility of self-betterment as well as threatening the consequences of downward mobility in the great income inequality existing during the Industrial Revolution.
Driving while black" (DWB) is a sardonic description of racial profiling of African-American motor vehicle drivers. It implies that a motorist may be stopped by a police officer largely because of racial bias rather than any apparent violation of traffic law.