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The term was introduced in 2015 by Curtis Marean as "extremely cooperative behavior with unrelated individuals, often for the benefit of others or society without expectation of payoff". [1] Although originating from an evolutionary anthropological perspective, hyperprosociality has been utilized in modern pedagogy and psychology .
Edward O. Wilson called humans eusocial apes, arguing for similarities to ants, and observing that early hominins cooperated to rear their children while other members of the same group hunted and foraged. [46] Wilson and others argued that through cooperation and teamwork, ants and humans form superorganisms.
Human social structures are complex and highly cooperative, featuring the specialization of labor via social roles. Societies construct roles and other patterns of behavior by deeming certain actions or concepts acceptable or unacceptable—these expectations around behavior within a given society are known as societal norms.
In some co-operative economics literature, the aim is the achievement of a co-operative commonwealth, a society based on cooperative and socialist principles. Co-operative economists – federalist, individualist, and otherwise – have presented the extension of their economic model to its natural limits as a goal.
A second common form of co-operative federation is a co-operative union, whose objective (according to Gide) is “to develop the spirit of solidarity among societies and... in a word, to exercise the functions of a government whose authority, it is needless to say, is purely moral.” [2] Co-operatives UK and the International Co-operative Alliance are examples of such arrangements.
As a social construct, reciprocity means that in response to friendly actions, people are generally nicer and more cooperative. This construct is reinforced in society by fostering an expectation of mutual exchange. While the norm is not an innate quality in human beings, it is learned and cemented through repeated social interaction.
Societies can be organized through individualistic or collectivist means, which can have implications for economic growth, legal and political institutions and effectiveness and social relations. This is based on the premise that the organization of society is a reflection of its cultural, historical, social, political and economic processes ...
In a society, there is a need for more people to participate in cooperative endeavors than can be accommodated by a few separate groups. [citation needed] The military has been the best example as to how this is done in its hierarchical array of squads, platoons, companies, battalions, regiments, and divisions. Private companies, corporations ...