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375 mg/m 2: IV infusion: Day 1 Etoposide: 50 mg/m 2: IV continuous infusion over 24 h: Days 1–4 Prednisolone: 60 mg/m 2: By mouth, twice a day (PO BID) Days 1–5 Oncovin: vincristine: 0.4 mg/m 2: IV continuous infusion over 24 h: Days 1–4 Cyclophosphamide: 750 mg/m 2: IV bolus given over 15 min: Day 5 Hydroxydaunorubicin: doxorubicin: 10 ...
The next step in cancer immunoediting is the equilibrium phase, during which tumor cells that have escaped the elimination phase and have a non-immunogenic phenotype are selected for growth. Lymphocytes and IFN-gamma exert a selection pressure on tumor cells which are genetically unstable and rapidly mutating.
Bloodletting (or blood-letting) is the deliberate withdrawal of blood from a patient to prevent or cure illness and disease. Bloodletting, whether by a physician or by leeches , was based on an ancient system of medicine in which blood and other bodily fluids were regarded as " humours " that had to remain in proper balance to maintain health.
Timing is important to wound healing. Critically, the timing of wound re-epithelialization can decide the outcome of the healing. [11] If the epithelization of tissue over a denuded area is slow, a scar will form over many weeks, or months; [12] [13] If the epithelization of a wounded area is fast, the healing will result in regeneration.
It is widely used in clinical trials for newer medicines to investigate therapeutic effectiveness and safety. C trough is slightly different from C min, the minimum concentration during the time interval between administration of two doses. [1] [2]
Platelets in the blood have the ability to initiate the induction of EMT in cancer cells. When platelets are recruited to a site in the blood vessel they can release a variety of growth factors (PDGF, [53] VEGF, [54] Angiopoietin-1 [55]) and cytokines including the EMT inducer TGF-β. [56]
Spontaneous remission, also called spontaneous healing or spontaneous regression, is an unexpected improvement or cure from a disease that usually progresses. These terms are commonly used for unexpected transient or final improvements in cancer .
Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is a branch of clinical chemistry and clinical pharmacology that specializes in the measurement of medication levels in blood. Its main focus is on drugs with a narrow therapeutic range , i.e. drugs that can easily be under- or overdosed. [ 1 ]