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The addictive alkaloid nicotine is a stimulant, and popularly known as the most characteristic constituent of tobacco. In drug effect preference questionnaires, a rough indicator of addictive potential, nicotine scores almost as highly as opioids. [109] Users typically develop tolerance and dependence.
A National Institute on Drug Abuse video entitled Anyone Can Become Addicted to Drugs. [21]Nicotine dependence is defined as a neurobiological adaptation to repeated drug exposure that is manifested by highly controlled or compulsive use, the development of tolerance, experiencing withdrawal symptoms upon cessation including cravings, and an inability to quit despite harmful effects. [9]
Nicotine is highly addictive but paradoxically has quite weak reinforcing property compared to other drugs of abuse in various animals. [21] [22] [96] [97] Its addictiveness depends on how it is administered and also depends upon form in which nicotine is used. [25]
Though nicotine is a highly addictive drug, its effects on cognition are not as intense or noticeable as other drugs such as cocaine, amphetamines or any of the opiates (including heroin and morphine). [citation needed] Smoking is a risk factor in Alzheimer's disease. [72]
People keep smoking because the nicotine, the primary psychoactive chemical in cigarettes, is highly addictive. [90] Cigarettes, like narcotics, have been described as "strategically addictive", with the addictive properties being a core component of the business strategy. [ 91 ]
Nicotine is a highly addictive psychoactive chemical. When tobacco is smoked, most of the nicotine is pyrolyzed; a dose sufficient to cause mild somatic dependency and mild to strong psychological dependency remains. The amount of nicotine absorbed by the body from smoking depends on many factors, including the type of tobacco, whether the ...
Vulnerability to the brain-modifying effects of nicotine, along with youthful experimentation with e-cigarettes, could lead to a lifelong addiction. [77] A long-term nicotine addiction from using a vape may result in using other tobacco products. [78] The majority of addiction to nicotine starts during youth and young adulthood. [79]
The tobacco industry comprises those persons and companies who are engaged in the growth, preparation for sale, shipment, advertisement, and distribution of tobacco and tobacco-related products. [1] It is a global industry; tobacco can grow in any warm, moist environment, which means it can be farmed on all continents except Antarctica .