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Homocysteine thiolactone (HTL) is an organosulfur compound with the formula H 2 NCHC(O)SCH 2 CH 2. It is the thiolactone (intramolecular thioester ) of homocysteine . It is produced by methionyl-tRNA synthetase in an error-editing reaction that prevents translational incorporation of homocysteine into proteins .
Homocysteine can cyclize to give homocysteine thiolactone, a five-membered heterocycle. Because of this "self-looping" reaction, homocysteine-containing peptides tend to cleave themselves by reactions generating oxidative stress. [12] Homocysteine also acts as an allosteric antagonist at Dopamine D 2 receptors. [13]
The activation of the drug clopidogrel (top left) gives a thiolactone, which ring-opens. [3] Thiolactones are intermediates in the activation of some drugs. [4] In nature, the most common thiolactone is homocysteine thiolactone. It is produced from homocysteine. It may play a role in protein damage. [5]
The latest entry on the list below marks the death of Tyler Christopher. This is a list of the most notable people in Category:Alcohol-related deaths who died of short- and/or long-term effects of alcohol consumption. Deaths caused indirectly by alcohol, or driving under the influence, are not listed here.
An AI death calculator can now tell you when you’ll die — and it’s eerily accurate. The tool, called Life2vec, can predict life expectancy based on its study of data from 6 million Danish ...
Additionally ethanol can decrease the conversion of homocysteine to methionine which is an essential amino acid that is part of the formation of SAMe. [8] [27] Increased inflammation due to alcohol consumption can increase various cytokine formations especially NF-κB which is a transcription factor. [9]
As a consequence of the biochemical reactions in which homocysteine is involved, deficiencies of vitamin B 6, folic acid (vitamin B 9), and vitamin B 12 can lead to high homocysteine levels. [2] Other possible causes of hyperhomocysteinemia include genetics, excessive methionine intake, and other diseases.
It's a pretty staggering statistic, but according to the World Health Organization, it's true. One person dies every ten seconds due to alcohol. BBC: "The World Health Organisation says alcohol ...