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The Iran–Iraq War, also known as the First Gulf War, [f] was an armed conflict between Iran and Iraq that lasted from September 1980 to August 1988. Active hostilities began with the Iraqi invasion of Iran and lasted for nearly eight years, until the acceptance of United Nations Security Council Resolution 598 by both sides.
The 1974–1975 Shatt al-Arab conflict consisted of armed cross-border clashes between Iran and Iraq.It was a major escalation of the Shatt al-Arab dispute, which had begun in 1936 due to opposing territorial claims by both countries over the Shatt al-Arab, a transboundary river that runs partly along the Iran–Iraq border.
The former Ottoman-Iran boundary was retained, now forming the borders between Iran and Iraq, and also Iran and the new Republic of Turkey established in 1923. [8] Iraq later gained independence in 1932. [8] Map showing the major areas of fighting during the Iran–Iraq War (1980–1988)
The Iraqi government sought to take control of the entire Shatt al-Arab in a rapid and decisive military campaign, believing that Iraq's victory in the broader conflict would humiliate Iran and lead to Khomeini's downfall, or, at the very least, thwart the new Iranian government's attempts to spread Khomeinism throughout the Muslim world.
This page is subject to the extended confirmed restriction related to the Arab-Israeli conflict. Middle East Countries (2018) Bahrain, Cyprus, Egypt, Iran, Iraq (Iraqi Kurdistan), Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, North Cyprus *, Oman, Palestine *, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria (DFNS), Turkey, United Arab Emirates, Yemen *Not a UN member This is a list of modern conflicts ensuing in the geographic ...
The Shatt al-Arab dispute was a territorial dispute that took place in the Shatt al-Arab region from 1936 until 1975. The Shatt al-Arab was considered an important channel for the oil exports of both Iran and Iraq, and in 1937, Iran and the newly independent Iraq signed a treaty to settle the dispute.
Iraq nevertheless reinstated its claims to Bubiyan and Warbah islands in 1973, massing troops at the border. During the 1980-88 Iran–Iraq War, Iraq pressed for a long-term lease to the islands in order to improve its access to the Persian Gulf and its strategic position. Although Kuwait rebuffed Iraq, relations continued to be strained by ...
Iran launched several retaliatory air raids on Iraq, while primarily shelling border cities such as Basra. Iran bought some Scud missiles from Libya and launched them against Baghdad. These too inflicted damage upon Iraq. [4] On 7 February 1984, during the first war of the cities, Saddam ordered his air force to attack eleven Iranian cities. [5]