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Political subdivisions of the Indian Empire in 1909 with British India (pink) and the princely states (yellow) Before it gained independence in 1947, India (also called the Indian Empire) was divided into two sets of territories, one under direct British rule (British India), and the other consisting of princely states under the suzerainty of the British Crown, with control over their internal ...
The partition was a highly controversial arrangement, and remains a cause of much tension on the Indian subcontinent today. According to American scholar Allen McGrath, [208] many British leaders including the British Viceroy, Mountbatten, were unhappy over the partition of India. [209]
Akhand Bharat (transl. Undivided India), also known as Akhand Hindustan, is a term for the concept of a unified Greater India. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] It asserts that modern-day Afghanistan , Bangladesh , Bhutan , India , Maldives , Myanmar , Nepal , Pakistan , Sri Lanka and Tibet are one nation.
The precise definition of an "Indian subcontinent" in a geopolitical context is somewhat contested as there is no globally accepted definition on which countries are a part of South Asia or the Indian subcontinent. [60] [61] [62] [6] Whether called the Indian subcontinent or South Asia, the definition of the geographical extent of this region ...
[2] [3] Those who opposed it often adhered to the doctrine of composite nationalism in the Indian subcontinent. [4] The Indian National Congress, as well as the All India Azad Muslim Conference, opposed the partition of India; the president of the All India Azad Muslim Conference and Chief Minister of Sind, Shadeed Allah Bakhsh Soomro, stated ...
When British rule came to an end in 1947, the subcontinent was partitioned along religious lines into two separate countries—India, with a majority of Hindus, and Pakistan, with a majority of Muslims. [1] Concurrently the Muslim-majority northwest and east of British India was separated into the Dominion of Pakistan, by the Partition of India.
The Indian Independence Act 1947 (10 & 11 Geo. 6. c. c. 30) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that partitioned British India into the two new independent dominions of India and Pakistan .
The first European to reach India via the Atlantic Ocean was the Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama, who reached Calicut in 1498 in search of spice. [3] Just over a century later, the Dutch and English established trading outposts on the Indian subcontinent, with the first English trading post set up at Surat in 1613.