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The balance between the oxidized and reduced forms of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide is called the NAD + /NADH ratio. This ratio is an important component of what is called the redox state of a cell, a measurement that reflects both the metabolic activities and the health of cells. [26]
Other names in common use include NAD+ pyrophosphorylase, adenosine triphosphate-nicotinamide mononucleotide transadenylase, ATP:NMN adenylyltransferase, diphosphopyridine nucleotide pyrophosphorylase, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide pyrophosphorylase, nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase, and NMN adenylyltransferase.
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, abbreviated NADP [1] [2] or, in older notation, TPN (triphosphopyridine nucleotide), is a cofactor used in anabolic reactions, such as the Calvin cycle and lipid and nucleic acid syntheses, which require NADPH as a reducing agent ('hydrogen source').
In enzymology, a hydroxylamine reductase (NADH) (EC 1.7.1.10) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction.. NH 3 + NAD + + H 2 O hydroxylamine + NADH + H +. The 3 substrates of this enzyme are NH 3, NAD +, and H 2 O, whereas its 3 products are hydroxylamine, NADH, and H +.
This category groups enzymes that use nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD + and its reduced form, NADH) in redox reactions. See also Category:NADPH-dependent enzymes.. In general, the NAD is not stably associated with the enzyme, being a coenzyme; hence, we call such enzymes "NADH-dependent" enzymes, rather than simply "NADH enzymes".
In biochemistry, NAD(P) + transhydrogenase (Si-specific) (EC 1.6.1.1) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction. NADPH + NAD + NADP + + NADH. Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are NADPH and NAD +, whereas its two products are NADP + and NADH. This enzyme participates in nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism.
NADH + H + + acceptor ⇌ NAD + + reduced acceptor. NADH dehydrogenase is a flavoprotein that contains iron-sulfur centers. NADH dehydrogenase is used in the electron transport chain for generation of ATP. The EC term NADH dehydrogenase (quinone) (EC 1.6.5.11) is defined for NADH dehydrogenases that use a quinone (excluding ubiquinone) as the ...
In the field of biocatalysis, NAD(P)-dependent oxidoreductases are widely used for the production of chiral alcohols, amines, and other valuable compounds. Yet the reduced forms of the cofactor, NADH and NADPH, needed for the catalysis, is too expensive to be used in stoichiometric amounts. Therefore a cofactor recycling system is usually employed.