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Its vowel height is open-mid, also known as low-mid, which means the tongue is positioned halfway between an open vowel (a low vowel) and a mid vowel.; Its vowel backness is back, which means the tongue is positioned back in the mouth without creating a constriction that would be classified as a consonant.
This chart provides audio examples for phonetic vowel symbols. The symbols shown include those in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) and added material. The chart is based on the official IPA vowel chart.
Its irregularities are caused mainly by the use of many different spellings for some of its sounds, such as /uː/, /iː/ and /oʊ/ (too, true, shoe, flew, through; sleeve, leave, even, seize, siege; stole, coal, bowl, roll, old, mould), and the use of identical sequences for spelling different sounds (over, oven, move).
U: /juː/ use /juːz/ Notes : English commonly requires ea or ee to write the /iː/ sound: read, reed. A w-like sound can be heard at the end of O in words like echoing (say: echo-echo-echoing , and it may come out like echo-wecho-wecho-wing ) and after the co- in cooperate ; that is what the /ʊ/ in the transcription /oʊ/ captures.
O with diaeresis occurs in several languages that use diaereses. In these languages the letter represents the fact that this o is the start of a new syllable (e.g. in the Dutch/Afrikaans word coöperatief [cooperative]), instead of the general oo (e.g. In the Dutch word doorn [thorn]) .
Slough has three pronunciations, depending on its meaning: / s l ʌ f / (for the noun meaning a skin shed by an animal, and for the verb derived from it) / s l aʊ / (for the noun meaning a muddy area, and for the verb derived from it.
A phonemic orthography is an orthography (system for writing a language) in which the graphemes (written symbols) correspond consistently to the language's phonemes (the smallest units of speech that can differentiate words), or more generally to the language's diaphonemes.
Generally, age ranges for young children's books in English lag behind those of languages with phonemic orthographies by about a year. This corresponds to the slow pace of literacy acquisition among English speakers as compared to speakers of languages with phonemic orthographies, such as Italian. [ 35 ]