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The 1st Louisiana Native Guard was a Confederate Louisianan militia that consisted of Creoles of color. Formed in 1861 in New Orleans, Louisiana, it was disbanded on April 25, 1862. Some of the unit's members joined the Union Army's 1st Louisiana Native Guard, which later became the 73rd Regiment Infantry of the United States Colored Troops.
After New Orleans fell to Admiral David Farragut in April 1862, Union Major General Benjamin F. Butler headquartered his 12,000-man Army of the Gulf in New Orleans. On September 27, 1862, Butler organized the Union Army's 1st Louisiana Native Guard regiment, some of whose members had served in the previous Confederate Native Guard regiment.
The 1st Louisiana Native Guard, one of many Louisiana Union Civil War units, was formed in New Orleans after the city was taken and occupied by Union forces. It was formed in part from the Confederacy's former unit of the same name , which had been made up of property-owning free people of color ( gens de couleur libres ). [ 17 ]
Confederate veteran Major Eugene Wythe Baylor of Co. C, 1st Louisiana Heavy Artillery Regiment and Quartermaster's Dept. Confederate States Infantry Regiment. From the Liljenquist Family Collection of Civil War Photographs, Prints and Photographs Division, Library of Congress. 1st Regiment Heavy Artillery; 2nd Battalion Heavy Artillery
2nd Louisiana Regiment New Orleans Infantry: 1st Louisiana Regiment Infantry: 2nd Louisiana Regiment Infantry: 1st Louisiana Regiment Native Guard Infantry: 1st Corps d'Afrique Regiment Infantry: 73rd United States Colored Infantry Regiment: 2nd Louisiana Regiment Native Guard Infantry: 2nd Corps d'Afrique Regiment Infantry: 74th United States ...
A small number of free persons of color in New Orleans formed the 1st Louisiana Native Guard (CSA) as part of the Louisiana militia. The unit temporarily disbanded on February 15, 1862, after Louisiana law stated the militia could only be made up of white men.
The Confederate Native Guard were never called to active duty. When Union Admiral David Farragut captured the city of New Orleans in April 1862, the Confederate forces in and around New Orleans abandoned the city and moved north to Camp Moore. The 1st Native Guard disbanded at this time, formally, on the grounds of the U.S. Mint at the edge of ...
Elsewhere in the South, such free blacks ran the risk of being accused of being a runaway slave, arrested and enslaved. One of the state militias was the 1st Louisiana Native Guard, a militia unit composed of free men of color, mixed-blood creoles who would be considered black elsewhere in the South by the one-drop rule. The unit was short ...