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Perline & Goldschmidt define two types of workplace violence: 1) Object-focused workplace violence is violence that occurs to obtain some object, such as money, drugs, jewelry, etc., and 2) non-object-focused violence, which is emotionally based, and mostly associated with anger. Anger generally requires frustration and perceived injustice.
Workplace aggression is a specific type of aggression which occurs in the workplace. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Workplace aggression is any type of hostile behavior that occurs in the workplace. [ 3 ] [ 1 ] [ 4 ] It can range from verbal insults and threats to physical violence, and it can occur between coworkers, supervisors, and subordinates.
Workplace bullying is a persistent pattern of mistreatment from others in the workplace that causes physical and/or emotional harm. It includes verbal , nonverbal , psychological , and physical abuse , as well as humiliation .
Occupational health psychology (OHP) is an interdisciplinary area of psychology that is concerned with the health and safety of workers. [1] [2] [3] OHP addresses a number of major topic areas including the impact of occupational stressors on physical and mental health, the impact of involuntary unemployment on physical and mental health, work-family balance, workplace violence and other forms ...
Workplace deviance is closely related to abusive supervision. Abusive supervision is defined as the "subordinates' perceptions of the extent to which their supervisors engage in the sustained display of hostile verbal and nonverbal behaviors". [5]
The risk of workplace violence can be reduced through physical design of the workplace or by cameras. [3] Proper manual handling equipment, measures to reduce noise exposure , and appropriate lighting levels have a positive effect on psychosocial hazards, in addition to their effects to control physical hazard .
Psychological abuse, often known as emotional abuse or mental abuse, is a form of abuse characterized by a person subjecting or exposing another person to a behavior that may result in psychological trauma, including anxiety, chronic depression, clinical depression or post-traumatic stress disorder amongst other psychological problems.
Another survey looking into the abuse and violence experienced in 3078 general dental practices over a period of three years found that 80% of practice personnel had experienced self-reported verbal abuse, abuse or violence. [10] It was reported that, over 12 months in Australian hospitals, 95% of staff had experienced verbal aggression. [11]