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Chromium(III) hydroxide is a gelatinous green inorganic compound with the chemical formula Cr(OH) 3. It is a polymer with an undefined structure and low solubility. It is amphoteric, dissolving in both strong alkalis and strong acids. [2] In alkali: Cr(OH) 3 + OH − → CrO − 2 + 2 H 2 O In acid: Cr(OH) 3 (OH 2) 3 + 3 H + → Cr(OH 2) 6 3+
The following chart shows the solubility of various ionic compounds in water at 1 atm pressure and room temperature (approx. 25 °C, 298.15 K). "Soluble" means the ionic compound doesn't precipitate, while "slightly soluble" and "insoluble" mean that a solid will precipitate; "slightly soluble" compounds like calcium sulfate may require heat to precipitate.
Chromium(III) hydroxide (Cr(OH) 3) is amphoteric, dissolving in acidic solutions to form [Cr(H 2 O) 6] 3+, and in basic solutions to form [Cr(OH) 6] 3−. It is dehydrated by heating to form the green chromium(III) oxide (Cr 2 O 3), a stable oxide with a crystal structure identical to that of corundum. [6]
Substance Formula 0 °C 10 °C 20 °C 30 °C 40 °C 50 °C 60 °C 70 °C 80 °C 90 °C 100 °C Barium acetate: Ba(C 2 H 3 O 2) 2: 58.8: 62: 72: 75: 78.5: 77: 75
Chromium(III) hydroxide (Cr(OH) 3) is amphoteric, dissolving in acidic solutions to form [Cr(H 2 O) 6] 3+, and in basic solutions to form [Cr(OH) 6] 3−. It is dehydrated by heating to form the green chromium(III) oxide (Cr 2 O 3), a stable oxide with a crystal structure identical to that of corundum. [21]
Although insoluble in water, it reacts with acid to produce salts of hydrated chromium ions such as [Cr(H 2 O) 6] 3+. [10] It is also attacked by concentrated alkali to yield salts of [Cr(OH) 6] 3−. When heated with finely divided carbon or aluminium, it is reduced to chromium metal: Cr 2 O 3 + 2 Al → 2 Cr + Al 2 O 3
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In acid solution the aquated Cr 3+ ion is produced. Cr 2 O 2− 7 + 14 H + + 6 e − → 2 Cr 3+ + 7 H 2 O ε 0 = 1.33 V. In alkaline solution chromium(III) hydroxide is produced. The redox potential shows that chromates are weaker oxidizing agent in alkaline solution than in acid solution. [6] CrO 2− 4 + 4 H 2 O + 3 e − → Cr(OH) 3 + 5 OH −