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A Howell–Jolly body (marked by arrow) within an erythrocyte A Howell–Jolly body is a cytopathological finding of basophilic nuclear remnants (clusters of DNA ) in circulating erythrocytes . During maturation in the bone marrow , late erythroblasts normally expel their nuclei; but, in some cases, a small portion of DNA remains.
Howell-Jolly body-like inclusions (HJBLi) are a hematopathological finding of an inclusion arising from detached DNA nuclear fragment in white blood cells caused by dysplastic granulopoiesis. [1] The inclusion is aptly named for its similar appearance of the Howell–Jolly body in erythrocytes . [ 2 ]
Howell-Jolly bodies: small, round fragments of the nucleus resulting from karyorrhexis or nuclear disintegration of the late reticulocyte and stain reddish-blue with Wright's stain. Basophilic stipplings – these stipplings are either fine or coarse, deep blue to purple staining inclusion that appear on a dried Wright's stain.
Micronuclei are also referred to Howell-Jolly bodies; discovered by hematologists William Henry Howell and Justin Marie Jolly in erythrocytes. Micronucleus induction by a chemical was first reported in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells treated with colchicine.
A – Cabot ring B – Howell-Jolly body Cabot ring Cabot rings are thin, red-violet staining, threadlike strands in the shape of a loop or figure-8 that are found on rare occasions in red blood cells (erythrocytes).
Pappenheimer bodies are visible with a Wright and/or Giemsa stain. Confirmation of non-heme iron in the granules is made with a Perls' Prussian blue stain, and this atypical red blood cell is then known as a siderocyte. [5]
Blood smear showing red blood cells with basophilic stippling. Basophilic stippling, also known as punctate basophilia, is the presence of numerous basophilic granules that are dispersed through the cytoplasm of erythrocytes in a peripheral blood smear.
Howell–Jolly bodies are found on red blood cells and contain chromatin remnants from basophilic cells. [7] Under normal conditions, these nuclear remnants are removed from the blood by the spleen's filtering capabilities. Howell-Jolly bodies can be identified and quantified using a blood smear or by flow cytometry. [2]