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Capital punishment in traditional Jewish law has been defined in Codes of Jewish law dating back to medieval times, based on a system of oral laws contained in the Babylonian and Jerusalem Talmud, the primary source being the Hebrew Bible.
Certain forms of incest, namely if it involves the father's wife or a daughter-in-law. [21] Other forms of incest receive lesser punishment; sexual activity with a sister/stepsister is given excommunication for a punishment; [ 22 ] if it involves a brother's wife or an uncle's wife it is just cursed [ 23 ] and sexual activity with an aunt that ...
Punishment in Judaism refers to the sanctions imposed for intentional violations of Torah laws (called "613 commandments" or "taryág mitsvót") These punishments can be categorized into two main types: punishments administered "by the hands of Heaven" (Mita beyadei shamaim) and those administered "by the hands of man". Punishments by the hands ...
Traditional wisdom, both in the Jewish and Christian communities, interpreted this verse in Numbers 35:31 to mean that out of the almost twenty cases calling for capital punishment in the Old Testament, every one of them could have the sanction commuted by an appropriate substitute of money or anything that showed the seriousness of the crime ...
Although it was recognized that the use of capital punishment in the post-Second Temple era went beyond the biblical warrant, the Rabbis who supported it believed that it could be justified by other considerations of Jewish law. [44] [45] Whether Jewish communities ever practiced capital punishment according to rabbinical law and whether the ...
Judaism describes various means of receiving atonement for sin, that is, reconciliation with God and release from punishment. The main method of atonement is via repentance . Other means (e.g. Temple sacrifices, judicial punishments, and returning stolen property) may be involved in the atonement process, together with repentance.
The Jewish understanding of Biblical law is not based on a literal reading of the Bible, instead, it is seen through the lens of Judaism's oral law. These oral laws were first recorded in the Mishnah in around 200 CE and later, in around 600 CE, they were recorded in the Babylonian Talmud .
According to traditional Jewish Law, application of these laws requires the presence and maintenance of the biblically designated cities of refuge, as well as a conviction in an eligible court of 23 judges as delineated by the Torah and Talmud. The latter condition is also applicable for any capital punishment.