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  2. Pain ladder - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pain_ladder

    The WHO guidelines recommend prompt oral administration of drugs ("by the mouth") when pain occurs, starting, if the patient is not in severe pain, with non-opioid drugs such as paracetamol (acetaminophen) or aspirin, [1] with or without "adjuvants" such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) including COX-2 inhibitors.

  3. Intravenous therapy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intravenous_therapy

    Intravenous therapy (abbreviated as IV therapy) is a medical technique that administers fluids, medications and nutrients directly into a person's vein.The intravenous route of administration is commonly used for rehydration or to provide nutrients for those who cannot, or will not—due to reduced mental states or otherwise—consume food or water by mouth.

  4. Route of administration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Route_of_administration

    Oral administration of a liquid. In pharmacology and toxicology, a route of administration is the way by which a drug, fluid, poison, or other substance is taken into the body. [1] Routes of administration are generally classified by the location at which the substance is applied. Common examples include oral and intravenous administration ...

  5. Oral administration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oral_administration

    Oral administration is a route of administration whereby a substance is taken through the mouth, swallowed, and then processed via the digestive system. This is a common route of administration for many medications. Oral administration can be easier and less painful than other routes of administration, such as injection.

  6. Drug delivery - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug_delivery

    For example, several types of microneedle patches have been developed for administering vaccines and other medications to reduce the risk of needlestick injury. [4] [8] Drug delivery is a concept heavily integrated with dosage form and route of administration, the latter sometimes being considered part of the definition. [9]

  7. Intramuscular injection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intramuscular_injection

    Intramuscular injection is commonly used for medication administration. Medication administered in the muscle is generally quickly absorbed in the bloodstream, and avoids the first pass metabolism which occurs with oral administration. [1]

  8. Infusion therapy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infusion_therapy

    Infusion therapy involves the administration of medication through a needle or catheter. Typically, "infusion therapy" means that a drug is administered intravenously or subcutaneously. The term may pertain where drugs are provided through other non-oral routes of administration , such as intramuscular injection and epidural administration ...

  9. Pharmaceutical formulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmaceutical_formulation

    Before administration, a lyophilized drug is reconstituted as a liquid before being administered. This is done by combining a liquid diluent with the freeze-dried powder, mixing, then injecting. Reconstitution usually requires a reconstitution and delivery system to ensure that the drug is correctly mixed and administered.