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Figure 1B: Low-pass filter (1st-order, one-pole) Bode magnitude plot (top) and Bode phase plot (bottom). The red data curve is approximated by the straight black line. In electrical engineering and control theory, a Bode plot is a graph of the frequency response of a system.
Bode's sensitivity integral, discovered by Hendrik Wade Bode, is a formula that quantifies some of the limitations in feedback control of linear parameter invariant systems. Let L be the loop transfer function and S be the sensitivity function .
HIRAX – (telescope) Hydrogen Intensity and Real-time Analysis eXperiment, an interferometric array of 1024 6-meter (20ft) diameter radio telescopes to be built in South Africa HK – ( catalog ) Survey for metal-poor stars based on the strength of CaII H and K absorption lines
The great circle g (green) lies in a plane through the sphere's center O (black). The perpendicular line a (purple) through the center is called the axis of g, and its two intersections with the sphere, P and P ' (red), are the poles of g. Any great circle s (blue) through the poles is secondary to g. A great circle divides the sphere in two ...
A generalization of the Smith chart to a three dimensional sphere, based on the extended complex plane (Riemann sphere) and inversive geometry, was proposed by Muller, et al in 2011. [ 26 ] The chart unifies the passive and active circuit design on little and big circles on the surface of a unit sphere, using a stereographic conformal map of ...
Hydrogen atomic orbitals of different energy levels. The more opaque areas are where one is most likely to find an electron at any given time. In quantum mechanics, a spherically symmetric potential is a system of which the potential only depends on the radial distance from the spherical center and a location in space.
In mathematics, two points of a sphere (or n-sphere, including a circle) are called antipodal or diametrically opposite if they are the endpoints of a diameter, a straight line segment between two points on a sphere and passing through its center. [1] Given any point on a sphere, its antipodal point is the unique point at greatest distance ...
A direction in three-dimensional space corresponds to a line through the origin. The set of all such lines is itself a space, called the real projective plane in mathematics. Every line through the origin intersects the unit sphere in exactly two points, one of which is on the lower hemisphere z ≤ 0.