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binary real values are represented in a binary format that includes the mantissa, the base (2, 8, or 16), and the exponent; the special values NaN, -INF, +INF , and negative zero are also supported Multiple valid types ( VisibleString, PrintableString, GeneralString, UniversalString, UTF8String )
Several earlier 16-bit floating point formats have existed including that of Hitachi's HD61810 DSP of 1982 (a 4-bit exponent and a 12-bit mantissa), [2] Thomas J. Scott's WIF of 1991 (5 exponent bits, 10 mantissa bits) [3] and the 3dfx Voodoo Graphics processor of 1995 (same as Hitachi).
The integer n is called the exponent and the real number m is called the significand or mantissa. [1] The term "mantissa" can be ambiguous where logarithms are involved, because it is also the traditional name of the fractional part of the common logarithm. If the number is negative then a minus sign precedes m, as in ordinary decimal notation.
In the floating-point case, a variable exponent would represent the power of ten to which the mantissa of the number is multiplied. Languages that support a rational data type usually allow the construction of such a value from two integers, instead of a base-2 floating-point number, due to the loss of exactness the latter would cause.
Exponent: 11 bits; Significand precision: 53 bits (52 explicitly stored) The sign bit determines the sign of the number (including when this number is zero, which is signed). The exponent field is an 11-bit unsigned integer from 0 to 2047, in biased form: an exponent value of 1023 represents the actual zero. Exponents range from −1022 to ...
The arithmetical difference between two consecutive representable floating-point numbers which have the same exponent is called a unit in the last place (ULP). For example, if there is no representable number lying between the representable numbers 1.45a70c22 hex and 1.45a70c24 hex , the ULP is 2×16 −8 , or 2 −31 .
The number 0.15625 represented as a single-precision IEEE 754-1985 floating-point number. See text for explanation. The three fields in a 64bit IEEE 754 float. Floating-point numbers in IEEE 754 format consist of three fields: a sign bit, a biased exponent, and a fraction. The following example illustrates the meaning of each.
In a normal floating-point value, there are no leading zeros in the significand (also commonly called mantissa); rather, leading zeros are removed by adjusting the exponent (for example, the number 0.0123 would be written as 1.23 × 10 −2). Conversely, a denormalized floating-point value has a significand with a leading digit of zero.