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  2. Length contraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Length_contraction

    Length contraction was postulated by George FitzGerald (1889) and Hendrik Antoon Lorentz (1892) to explain the negative outcome of the Michelson–Morley experiment and to rescue the hypothesis of the stationary aether (Lorentz–FitzGerald contraction hypothesis).

  3. Contraction (short story) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contraction_(short_story)

    "Contraction" (Chinese: 坍缩, Pinyin: tānsuō) is a science-fiction short story by Chinese writer Liu Cixin. [1] It was published in Science Fiction World in Chongqing in 1999 and in the anthology To Hold Up the Sky in October of 2020.

  4. Sliding filament theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sliding_filament_theory

    during contraction, actin filaments move into the A bands and the H zone is filled up reducing its stretch, the I bands shorten, the Z line comes in contact with the A bands; and; the possible driving force of contraction is the actin-myosin linkages which depend on ATP hydrolysis by the myosin.

  5. Tetanic contraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetanic_contraction

    Tetanic contraction can exist in a variety of states, including isotonic and isometric forms—for example, lifting a heavy box off the floor is isotonic, but holding it at the elevated position is isometric. Isotonic contractions place muscles in a constant tension but the muscle length changes, while isometric contractions hold a constant ...

  6. Thermal expansion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_expansion

    A number of materials contract on heating within certain temperature ranges; this is usually called negative thermal expansion, rather than "thermal contraction".For example, the coefficient of thermal expansion of water drops to zero as it is cooled to 3.983 °C (39.169 °F) and then becomes negative below this temperature; this means that water has a maximum density at this temperature, and ...

  7. Contraction hierarchies - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contraction_hierarchies

    In computer science, the method of contraction hierarchies is a speed-up technique for finding the shortest-path in a graph. The most intuitive applications are car-navigation systems: a user wants to drive from A {\displaystyle A} to B {\displaystyle B} using the quickest possible route.

  8. Contraction (operator theory) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contraction_(operator_theory)

    If U = 0, T is said to be a completely non-unitary contraction. A special case of this decomposition is the Wold decomposition for an isometry , where Γ is a proper isometry. Contractions on Hilbert spaces can be viewed as the operator analogs of cos θ and are called operator angles in some contexts.

  9. Tensor contraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tensor_contraction

    For example, the Ricci tensor is a non-metric contraction of the Riemann curvature tensor, and the scalar curvature is the unique metric contraction of the Ricci tensor. One can also view contraction of a tensor field in the context of modules over an appropriate ring of functions on the manifold [ 5 ] or the context of sheaves of modules over ...