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The Reproducibility Project is a series of crowdsourced collaborations aiming to reproduce published scientific studies, finding high rates of results which could not be replicated. It has resulted in two major initiatives focusing on the fields of psychology [ 1 ] and cancer biology. [ 2 ]
The same paper examined the reproducibility rates and effect sizes by journal and discipline. Study replication rates were 23% for the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 48% for Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, and 38% for Psychological Science. Studies in the field of cognitive psychology had a ...
Reproducibility, closely related to replicability and repeatability, is a major principle underpinning the scientific method. For the findings of a study to be reproducible means that results obtained by an experiment or an observational study or in a statistical analysis of a data set should be achieved again with a high degree of reliability ...
A 2022 paper published in Psychological Science found that cultural differences can affect the marshmallow test. The study assessed Japanese and American children, with each child given a marshmallow or an unwrapped gift with a delay before they could obtain a second. Results showed the Japanese group waited longer for another marshmallow ...
If the correlation between separate administrations of the test is high (e.g. 0.7 or higher as in this Cronbach's alpha-internal consistency-table [6]), then it has good test–retest reliability. The repeatability coefficient is a precision measure which represents the value below which the absolute difference between two repeated test results ...
Guttman scale has been generalized to the theory and procedures of "multiple scaling" which identifies the minimum number of scales needed for satisfactory reproducibility. As a procedure that ties substantive contents with logical aspects of data, Guttman scale heralded the advent of facet theory developed by Louis Guttman and his associates.
The sensitivity and reproducibility of the results are broadly very similar, although the VAS may outperform the other scales in some cases. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] These advantages extend to measurement instruments made up from combinations of visual analogue scales, such as semantic differentials.
While reliability reflects reproducibility, validity refers to whether the test measures what it purports to measure. [92] While IQ tests are generally considered to measure some forms of intelligence, they may fail to serve as an accurate measure of broader definitions of human intelligence inclusive of, for example, creativity and social ...