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Reconstructed Roman chariot drawn by horses. Approximate historical map of the spread of the spoke-wheeled chariot, 2000—500 BC. A chariot is a type of cart driven by a charioteer, usually using horses [note 1] to provide rapid motive power.
Miniature bronze chariot with an axe, Han dynasty Scythed Chinese chariot axle Chariot parts, Zhou dynasty. In ancient China the chariot was used in a primary role from the time of the Shang dynasty until the early years of the Han dynasty (c. 1200–200 BCE) when it was replaced by cavalry and fell back into a secondary support role.
The south-pointing chariot (or carriage) was an ancient Chinese two-wheeled vehicle that carried a movable pointer to indicate the south, no matter how the chariot turned. Usually, the pointer took the form of a doll or figure with an outstretched arm. The chariot was supposedly used as a compass for navigation and may also have had other purposes.
Chariots, much faster than foot-soldiers, pursued and dispersed broken enemies to seal the victory. Egyptian light chariots contained one driver and one warrior; both might be armed with bow and spear. In ancient Egypt, members of the chariot corps formed their own aristocratic class known as the maryannu (young heroes).
The eastern trans-Saharan route led to the development of the long-lived Kanem–Bornu Empire as well as the Ghana, Mali, and Songhai empires, centred on the Lake Chad area. This trade route was somewhat less efficient and only rose to great prominence when there was turmoil in the west such as during the Almohad conquests.
The Monteleone chariot is an Etruscan chariot dated to c. 530 BC, considered one of the world's great archaeological finds. It was uncovered in 1902 in Monteleone di Spoleto , Umbria , Italy , in an underground tomb covered by a mound, and is currently a major attraction in the collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City .
Furthermore, the Sea Peoples grew into a bigger problem and ultimately contributed to the Late Bronze Age collapse. An especially large foreign invasion of Egypt took place around 1174 BC. Even though these Sea Peoples attacks were stopped at the twin battles of Djahy and the Delta by Ramesses III, Egypt subsequently declined. [19] [20]
The wheel in Africa was used, to various extents, throughout the history of Africa. [1] While it may have been common for Africans to manually carry their goods or use pack animals to transport economic goods in Africa, there was broad awareness, knowledge, and use of wheeled transports (e.g., carts, carriages, [1] chariots, [1] [2] wagons [2] [3]) in Africa. [1]