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Traditionally, breastfeeding has been defined as the consumption of breastmilk by any means, be it directly at the breast, or feeding expressed breast milk. [3] When direct feeding at the breast is not possible, expressed breast milk retains many unique nutritional and immunological qualities, and as such remains the gold standard for feeding infants. [4]
A human milk bank, breast milk bank or lactarium is a service that collects, screens, processes, pasteurizes, and dispenses by prescription human milk donated by nursing mothers who are not biologically related to the recipient infant. The optimum nutrition for newborn infants is breast milk for at least the first 6 months of life. [1]
The sample on the left is the first milk produced by the mother, while the sample on the right was produced later during the same breast pumping cycle. Breast milk (sometimes spelled as breastmilk ) or mother's milk is milk produced by the mammary glands in the breasts of women.
The mature breast milk is rich in fat and higher in calories to help babies grow." Wright says that as time goes on, the nutrients in breast milk continue to benefit a child, though the benefits ...
Some of the worthwhile components of breast milk are compromised in the pasteurization process. However, many are not. "Donor milk retains its bioactivity despite partial or complete loss of some components" (Arnold, 1999, p. 3). The enzymes in breast milk (e.g. lipase) appear to be most affected by the heat.
The Human Milk Banking Association of North America (HMBANA) is a not-for-profit organization that accredits nonprofit milk banks in the United States and Canada, produces the standards and guidelines for donated breast milk in North America, and promotes lactation and breast feeding. [3] [4] [5] The organization was founded in 1985. As of 2022 ...
Graphic of bacterial phyla and 10 commonest genera in human milk. Breast milk is a natural source of lactic acid bacteria for the newborn through breastfeeding, and may be considered a symbiotic food. [7] The normal concentration of bacteria in milk from healthy women was about 103 colony-forming units (CFU) per milliliter. [8]
Contraindications to breastfeeding are those conditions that could compromise the health of the infant if breast milk from their mother is consumed. Examples include galactosemia, untreated HIV, untreated active tuberculosis, Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 or II, uses illicit drugs, or mothers undergoing chemotherapy or radiation treatment.
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